Can sins be shared? Two Theological Perspectives

The concept of sharing sins is a very deviating theological matter which often come ito discussion when arguing to present one's view point or the basis of one's belief or faith. When it comes to Divine religions, this debate gets heated up between two extremes often leading to no viable midway solution.

In Islam, sins cannot be transferred or shared in the sense that one person becomes guilty in place of another. The Qur'an repeatedly states, "No bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another" (53:38; 6:164; 17:15; 35:18; 39:7). However, a person can incur additional sin by causing or encouraging others to sin. The one who misleads bears the burden of their own wrongdoing and the responsibility for leading others astray, while those who follow still bear responsibility for their own choices. The Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever calls to misguidance will have a burden of sin like those who follow him, without that decreasing their sins in the slightest." (Sahih Muslim). Thus, Islam teaches individual accountability without transferable guilt: everyone answers for their own deeds, yet those who spread evil or set a harmful example carry an additional burden for the consequences they helped bring about.

We recently published a post based on the 39th verse of Surah 53. An Najm (The Star) which clearly lays down a timeless rule of justice! No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Today we will share two theological perspectives for academic purpose only for the purpose of this post is not to negate perspective and faiths of others. For sharing burdens and sins is one of the clearest theological differences between the Qur'an and mainstream Christian doctrine. However, it is important to describe the Christian belief accurately and then explain the Qur'anic perspective respectfully.

The Qur'anic Principle

Allah says: "No bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another." (53:38). This principle is repeated several times in the Qur'an:

6:164 – "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another."

17:15 – "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another."

35:18 – "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another."

39:7 – "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another."

The repetition shows that individual accountability is a foundational principle in Islam.

The mainstream Christian belief

Most Christians (particularly Catholic, Orthodox, and the majority of Protestant traditions) believe that:

Humanity is affected by sin.

Jesus willingly died on the cross.

His death was an atoning sacrifice.

Through faith in Christ, God forgives believers because of Christ's sacrifice.

Many Christians describe this as Jesus "bearing our sins," drawing on passages such as Isaiah 53 and parts of the New Testament. However, Christian traditions differ in how they understand exactly how Christ's death brings forgiveness.

Why does the Qur'an differ?

From the Qur'anic perspective, forgiveness cannot come by transferring guilt from one person to another. The Qur'an consistently teaches:

• Every individual commits their own deeds.
• Every individual answers to Allah.
• Allah forgives directly when a person sincerely repents.

This is why verses like 53:38 are so significant. The Qur'an presents forgiveness as flowing from Allah's mercy rather than from another human bearing the sinner's punishment. For example:

"Say, 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins.'" (39:53)

Notice that the invitation is to turn directly to Allah.

Why is this important in Islam?

Islam emphasizes two attributes of Allah together:

1. Perfect Justice

A person is accountable only for what they chose. "Every soul earns only against itself." (6:164). That is no innocent person is punished for another's wrongdoing.

2. Perfect Mercy

Allah can forgive without injustice because He is the One against whom the sin is committed. If someone sincerely repents, Allah forgives by His own will.

"Indeed, Allah loves those who constantly repent." (2:222)

Thus, Islam does not see a need for guilt to be transferred to another person.

A respectful point for dialogue

When speaking with Christians, it is usually more constructive to ask reflective questions than to make accusations. For example:

If God is perfectly merciful, why would forgiveness require the punishment of an innocent person?

If God is perfectly just, how is it just for one person to bear another's guilt?

If the prophets before Jesus taught repentance directly to God, why would that principle fundamentally change?

These questions invite thoughtful discussion without misrepresenting Christian beliefs.

The Subtle Theological Differences

The central theological difference is this: Islam teaches absolute, indivisible monotheism (Tawḥīd), whereas mainstream Christianity teaches one God in three persons—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—the Trinity. And this lays the foundational difference between Islam and Christianity on burden and sharing of sins. Let us give a summarized difference between the two religions:

1. Nature of God

• Islam: Allah is absolutely One, unique, indivisible, and has no partners, children, or equals.
• Christianity: God is one Being existing eternally as three distinct persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.

2. Jesus Christ

• Islam: Jesus—ʿĪsā ibn Maryam—is a great prophet, Messiah, and miraculous servant of God, but not divine.
• Christianity: Jesus is the eternal Son of God, fully divine and fully human.

3. Sin and human nature

• Islam: People are born innocent, not guilty of Adam’s sin. Each person is accountable for his or her own deeds.
• Christianity: Many Christian traditions teach original sin or an inherited fallen condition resulting from Adam’s disobedience.

4. Salvation

• Islam: Salvation comes through faith in Allah, repentance, righteous deeds, and ultimately Allah’s mercy. No one bears another person’s guilt.
• Christianity: Salvation comes through faith in Christ and his atoning death and resurrection; the precise role of works differs among denominations.

5. Forgiveness

• Islam: A sinner can turn directly to Allah in sincere repentance. No sacrifice of another person is required.
• Christianity: Forgiveness is understood through Christ’s sacrifice, which reconciles humanity with God.

6. Mediation

• Islam: There is no divine mediator between Allah and the worshipper.
• Christianity: Christ is described as the mediator between God and humanity.

7. Final judgment

• Islam: Every person will be judged individually according to faith, deeds, repentance, and Allah’s justice and mercy.
• Christianity: Judgment is connected to one’s relationship with Christ, though Christian traditions differ on faith, works, sacraments, and grace.

Note: Since our dialogue is restricted to burden sharing, comparison on the finality of prophethood, Incarnation, Crucifixion and religious laws are omitted for comparison in one of our future posts.

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How Muslims understand Jesus (ʿĪsā)

The Qur'an honours Jesus as one of the greatest prophets and the Messiah, but not as one who bore humanity's sins. Instead, his mission was to:

• call people to worship Allah alone,
• confirm the Torah,
• teach righteousness,
• perform miracles by Allah's permission,
• call people to repentance.

The Qur'an quotes him as saying: "Indeed, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him. This is the straight path." (3:51)

A deeper reflection

Surah An-Najm 53:38 and the verses that follow (53:39–42) present a complete philosophy of salvation in Islam:

• No one bears another's sin (53:38).
• Each person earns through their own striving (53:39).
• Every deed will be shown (53:40).
• Each person will receive full recompense (53:41).
• To Allah alone is the final return (53:42).

This framework places every human being—regardless of ancestry, status, or association—in a direct relationship with Allah. Forgiveness is available to all through sincere faith, repentance, and Allah's mercy, without requiring another person to assume their guilt. This is one of the central distinctions between the Qur'anic understanding of salvation and the mainstream Christian doctrine of atonement.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from Sürah (53) An-Najm النجم‎ (The Star) already published. You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Disclaimer: This comparative post is based on available data on the social media / ChatGPT for education purpose only. This is just a step towards understanding the theological difference in perspective of Islam and Christianity on sin / burden sharing. Readers may seek more information as a lot has been written on the subject.

Photo | If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

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Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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What is the philosophy behind Allah asking questions in Al Qur’an and then sometimes answering His own question?

At a number of places in Al Qur'an a questions is posed to the readers and then sometimes it is also replied. The question arises why such methodology is resorted to and what is the philosophy behind such an approach? It must be understood that Allah’s questions in the Qur’an are not requests for information—Allah already knows everything. These questions in fact are a powerful method of teaching, awakening and making the listener participate mentally in the truth being presented.

Let us dwell on the Divine philosophy using a passage from Al Qur'an as an example:

The Passage

In Surah Al-Kahf 18:103, Allah commands the Prophet ﷺ: “Shall We inform you of the greatest losers in their deeds?” Allah then answers the question in the very next verse: “They are those whose effort is lost in worldly life while they think that they are doing good.” 

In this case, a question is asked before the answer for several reasons. Let us discuss this in some detail:

1. To capture attention

A direct statement might be heard passively. But a question creates suspense: Who are the greatest losers? The listener pauses and becomes eager—or fearful—to know the answer.

The Qur’an frequently uses this method elsewhere too: “Shall I inform you of a trade that will save you from a painful punishment?” — Qur’an 61:10

That is such questions prepares the heart to receive an important truth.

2. To make us examine ourselves

Had Allah simply said, “Certain people are losers,” we might immediately think of others. But when He asks, “Shall We inform you?”, every reader is invited to consider: “Could this description apply to me?”

Thus, the question turns information into self-accountability.

3. To correct a mistaken assumption

People normally imagine that the greatest loser is someone who does nothing, fails in business, or loses worldly possessions. Allah overturns that assumption. The greatest loser may actually be someone who:

• Works extremely hard,
• Believes he is righteous,
• Receives admiration from people,
• Yet rejects Allah’s guidance or acts without sincerity. 

The question therefore prepares us for a surprising answer.

4. To emphasize the seriousness of the answer

The question gives the answer greater weight. It is similar to a teacher saying: “Do you know what the most dangerous mistake is?” Immediately, the students become attentive. The teacher already knows the answer; the question is used to impress its importance upon them.

5. To establish an undeniable truth

Some Qur’anic questions are asked because the answer is already obvious:

“Is Allah not sufficient for His servant?” — Qur’an 39:36

The intended answer is: Yes, certainly He is. Such a question is often stronger than a plain statement because the listener is compelled to acknowledge the truth himself.

This rhetorical method is sometimes called istifhām taqrīrī—a question intended to make a person admit or confirm what is already true.

6. To expose contradiction

Allah sometimes questions people in order to reveal the inconsistency of their beliefs:

“Did they create themselves, or were they the creators?” — Qur’an 52:35

No sensible person can answer “yes” to either possibility. The question dismantles false thinking without needing a long argument.

7. To create dialogue between revelation and the human conscience

The Qur’an does not speak to us like a cold textbook. It questions, challenges, reminds, warns and invites reflection. The reader is not merely receiving facts; he is being personally addressed.

Questions such as:

“Will you not reason?”

“Will you not reflect?”

“Where, then, are you going?”

“Which of your Lord’s favours will you deny?”

make the Qur’an a living conversation with the human conscience.

Why does Allah sometimes answer His own question?

Because the purpose is not to obtain an answer from us. The purpose is to:

• awaken attention,
• allow the question to enter the heart,
• remove false assumptions,
• and then provide the authoritative answer.

In 18:103–105, the sequence is deliberate:

• Question: Who are the greatest losers?
• Human expectation: Perhaps the poor, weak or unsuccessful.
• Divine answer: Those whose entire effort is misguided while they confidently believe they are doing good.

That answer becomes far more striking because the question came first.

The deeper spiritual philosophy

Allah’s questions teach us that revelation is not only to be read—it is to be answered through our lives.

• When Allah asks: “Will you not reflect?” our answer should be reflection.
• When He asks: “Will you not be grateful?” our answer should be gratitude.
• When He asks: “Is Allah not sufficient for His servant?” our answer should be trust in Him.

Therefore, Allah asks and answers not because He needs knowledge, but because we need awakening. The question opens the mind; the answer guides it; and together they move the heart toward faith and reform.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Why does the Quran repeat itself? - Some of the oft repeated themes, verses, stories and teachings of Al Qur'an

Learning is a very difficult and tedious form of education. There are some who understand a theme earlier than others. While there are some (rather mostly) who need to reminded of mood point of previous lessons so that they can continue to correlate subjects presently being taught with the one's already taught. 

Likewise, there are many themes and verses that are repeated time and again throughout the Qur'an. The Qur'an does not repeat itself because its audience forgets facts alone; rather it repeats because the human heart is prone to forget guidance. Just as daily prayer, remembrance of Allah, and acts of worship are repeated to nurture faith, the Qur'an revisits its central messages so they become part of a person's character. In addition to the themes and verses, stories related to some of the prophets are mentioned in many verses of Al Qur'an.

In this sense, repetition in the Quran is not merely literary—it is formative. It continually returns the reader to the essential questions: Who is your Lord? What is the purpose of your life? How should you live? What awaits after death? By hearing these reminders again and again, believers are invited to deepen their understanding and renew their commitment to living by divine guidance.

The aim of this post is to reflect on Why of the repetitions in Al Qur'an and also share some of the important themes and verses that are oft repeated.

Why does the Quran repeat itself?

The Quran contains several verses and themes that are repeated intentionally. This repetition is not redundancy; it is a teaching method. The Quran describes itself as a book whose message is conveyed through repeated reminders:

"Allah has sent down the best statement: a consistent Book wherein is repetition..." (Surah Az-Zumar 39:23)

The repetition serves to reinforce core truths, reach people in different contexts, and encourage reflection. The repetition has several purposes:

• To reinforce essential truths. The Quran repeatedly emphasizes the beliefs and values most important for faith and conduct.
• To teach through different contexts. A prophet's story may be repeated, but each occurrence highlights a different aspect—patience, leadership, repentance, or trust in Allah.
• To aid memorization. Since the Quran was first transmitted orally, repeated phrases and themes made it easier to remember and recite accurately.
• To touch different hearts. People learn differently. A truth presented in one context may resonate with someone in a way it did not before.
• To encourage continual reflection. Each repetition appears within a new surrounding context, inviting readers to discover fresh meanings rather than simply noticing the recurrence.

Repeated themes throughout the Quran

The Quran repeats certain themes rather than identical wording. These include:

• Allah's oneness (Tawhid): 
• Worship Allah alone and associate no partners with Him.
• Please refer to our exclusive reference page for Understanding Tawḥīd in Islam - The Oneness of God 
• The Day of Judgment: 
• Every soul will be accountable for its deeds.
• Read verses from Al Qur'an exclusive to Day of Judgement given in our reference page: The Day of Judgement.
• Stories of the prophets: 
• The accounts of Prophet Musa, Prophet Ibrahim, Prophet Nuh, and others appear in multiple surahs, each time highlighting different lessons.
• Read stories of the prophets links given in our reference page: The Prophetic stories, Qaṣaṣ al-anbiyāʾ (قِصَص الْأَنـۢبِيَاء),  mentioned in Al-Qurʾān 
• Allah's mercy and forgiveness: 
• Believers are repeatedly encouraged to repent and trust in Allah's compassion.
• Read Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject: Repentance and forgiveness
• Justice and righteous conduct: 
• Honesty, fairness, charity, patience, and compassion are reinforced throughout the Quran.
• Read our earlier posts on Selected verses from Qur'an on Justice / Rules of Islamic Law

Repeated verses in Al Qur'an 

There are numerous verse which are repeated either r witan a Surah or a number of Surahs, some of which are shared herein under:

1. "Which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?" (فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ)

The 55th Surah of Al Qur'an Surah Ar-Rahman is one of the most liked surahs by the believers because of its subject matter, picture painting of this world and the life of the Hereafter. Many leading قَارِئ (Qārī'), the reciters of AL Qur'an, have recited this surah so eloquently that one tend to listen to it over and over again.

Its first occurrence is in Quran 55:13, after Allah mentions creating humanity, teaching the Quran, and establishing the balance in creation. It then appears repeatedly at these verse numbers: 16, 18, 21, 23, 25, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, and 77.

The verse "Which of the favors of your Lord will you deny?" (فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ) is repeated 31 times throughout the surah. A question may arise after all why 31 times. As said before this surah picture paints power of Allah in maintaining the universe and the life of the Hereafter. So, after describing Allah's blessings, signs in creation, and scenes from the Hereafter, the same question is repeated as a refrain. It invites humans and jinn to pause repeatedly and acknowledge God's favors rather than taking them for granted.

2. "Woe that Day to the deniers. وَيْلٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِّلْمُكَذِّبِينَ"

AN other verse in Surah Al-Mursalat is repeated 10 times to stress upon the faulty or misled mindset of the deniers of Al Qur'an and the life of the Hereafter. 

The same question arises why? The answer is that each repetition follows a different proof of Allah's power or a description of the Day of Judgment, emphasizing the consequences of denying the truth despite abundant evidence.

3. "Then which of the favors of your Lord do you both deny?"

This is the same refrain from Surah Ar-Rahman, but its repetition is so central that many scholars regard it as one of the Quran's most memorable rhetorical devices. It continually shifts the reader from passive reading to active self-examination.

4. "Indeed, your Lord is the Exalted in Might, the Most Merciful. وَإِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ"

This verse is repeatedly mentioned in Surah Ash-Shu'ara. It is repeated after the stories of several prophets, including Prophet Nuh, Prophet Hud, Prophet Salih, Prophet Lut, Prophet Shu'ayb, and Prophet Musa.

Why the repetition? It reminds readers that Allah's justice ("the Exalted in Might") and mercy are always present together. Those who reject the truth face His justice, while those who believe receive His mercy.

Repeated stories

The Quran also repeats the stories of many prophets, each time emphasizing different lessons.

1.    Prophet Musa (Moses عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ)

His story appears more than any other prophet's, in over 30 surahs. Different passages highlight:

• His birth,
• His mission,
• The confrontation with Pharaoh,
• The Exodus,
• Receiving the Torah,
• Leadership,
• Patience.

Mention in Qur'an: If you want to study the life of Prophet Musa in sequence, these are the richest passages - perhaps the the longest and most detailed accounts:

• Surah Al-Qasas (28:3–46) – His birth, upbringing in Pharaoh's palace, exile to Midian, and call to prophethood.
• Surah Ta-Ha (20:9–98) – His encounter with Allah at the burning bush, mission to Pharaoh, miracles, and the episode of the golden calf.
• Surah Al-A'raf (7:103–160) – His confrontation with Pharaoh, the Exodus, and events involving the Children of Israel.
• Surah Ash-Shu'ara (26:10–68) – His dialogue with Pharaoh and the parting of the sea.
• Surah Al-Kahf (18:60–82) – His journey with Al-Khidr, focusing on humility and the limits of human knowledge.

Each account emphasizes different lessons, which is why the Quran revisits Prophet Musa's story in multiple surahs rather than telling it only once.

2.    Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ)

His story appears in several surahs, focusing on:

• Pure monotheism,
• Reasoning with idol worshippers,
• Trust in Allah,
• Building the Kaaba,
• Sacrifice and submission.

Prophet Ibrahim (Ibrāhīm عليه السلام) is mentioned by name 69 times in the Quran across 25 surahs. His life is presented through different episodes, each emphasizing a particular lesson such as monotheism, trust in Allah, submission, gratitude, and leadership.

The most important passages about Prophet Ibrahim If you want to study his life in depth, these passages are especially significant:

• Surah Al-An'am (6:74–83) – Ibrahim's reasoning about the stars, moon, and sun, demonstrating the oneness of Allah.
• Surah Al-Anbiya (21:51–73) – His rejection of idol worship, breaking the idols, and being saved from the fire.
• Surah Ash-Shu'ara (26:69–104) – His dialogue with his people and his beautiful prayer describing Allah's attributes, including: "And when I am ill, it is He who cures me" (26:80).
• Surah As-Saffat (37:83–113) – The account of his willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to Allah and the glad tidings of another son.
• Surah Al-Baqarah (2:124–141) – Allah appoints Ibrahim as a leader (Imam), and he and Prophet Ismail raise the foundations of the Kaaba.
• Surah Ibrahim (14:35–41) – His heartfelt supplications for Mecca, his descendants, and steadfastness in prayer.
• Surah An-Nahl (16:120–123) – Allah praises Ibrahim as "a nation unto himself" (16:120), highlighting his exemplary faith and obedience.

Together, these passages portray Prophet Ibrahim as a model of unwavering monotheism, trust in Allah, gratitude, and submission, making him one of the central figures in the Quran and a role model for believers.

3.    Prophet Nuh (Noah عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ)

His story is repeated to illustrate:

• Perseverance,
• Patient preaching,
• Rejection by his people,
• Ultimate deliverance.

Prophet Nuh (Nūḥ عليه السلام) is mentioned by name 43 times in the Quran across 28 surahs. His story is one of the earliest and most frequently revisited prophetic narratives, emphasizing perseverance, patience, calling people to monotheism, and trust in Allah.

For a comprehensive study of Prophet Nuh's life and message, these passages are especially significant:

• Surah Nuh (71:1–28) – Entirely devoted to his mission, his methods of دعوت (calling people to Allah), and his heartfelt supplication.
• Surah Hud (11:25–49) – The most detailed account of the Ark, the Flood, and the conversation concerning his son.
• Surah Al-A'raf (7:59–64) – His call to worship Allah alone and his people's rejection.
• Surah Ash-Shu'ara (26:105–122) – His dialogue with his people and the consequences of their denial.
• Surah Al-Qamar (54:9–17) – A concise and powerful account emphasizing the lessons of the Flood.
• Surah Al-Mu'minun (23:23–30) – His mission, the construction of the Ark, and the salvation of the believers.

Across these passages, the Quran consistently presents Prophet Nuh as a model of extraordinary patience, steadfast faith, and perseverance. According to the Quran, he preached to his people for 950 years (Quran 29:14), making him a lasting example of unwavering commitment to conveying Allah's message despite prolonged opposition.

4. Prophet Yusuf (Joseph عليه السلام) 

The story of Prophet Yusuf is unique in the Quran because it is the only prophetic story told almost entirely in one continuous surah—Surah Yusuf. Unlike the stories of Prophet Musa, Prophet Ibrahim, or Prophet Nuh, which are spread across many chapters to emphasize different lessons, the story of Yusuf unfolds from beginning to end in a single narrative.

• Why is it given an exclusive surah?
• The Quran itself provides the first clue. At the beginning of the surah, Allah says:
• "We relate to you the best of stories through what We have revealed to you of this Quran..." (Surah Yusuf 12:3)
• Why tell it as one complete story?
• Many scholars observe that the lessons of Yusuf's life emerge most clearly when the entire sequence is seen together. Each event prepares for the next:
• a dream in childhood,
• jealousy from his brothers,
• being thrown into a well,
• life in Egypt,
• temptation and steadfastness,
• imprisonment,
• interpreting dreams,
• becoming a trusted leader,
• forgiving his brothers,
• the fulfillment of the dream.
• If these episodes were separated throughout the Quran, the literary and spiritual impact of seeing Allah's plan unfold step by step would be diminished.
• What makes Yusuf's story distinctive?
• Unlike several other prophetic narratives, this surah focuses less on public confrontation with a disbelieving nation and more on personal and moral trials. The central conflicts involve:
• sibling jealousy,
• family separation,
• temptation,
• injustice,
• loneliness,
• political responsibility,
• forgiveness.

These are experiences that people across cultures and generations can readily relate to.

How should we reflect on it today? Surah Yusuf invites readers to see their lives with a longer perspective. Yusuf's greatest setbacks eventually became the means by which Allah fulfilled His promise. Being thrown into the well led to Egypt. Imprisonment led to leadership. Separation from his family led to reunion.

This encourages believers not to judge Allah's plan by present circumstances alone. A painful event may later be understood as a necessary step toward a greater good.

The surah also models an extraordinary ethic of forgiveness. When Yusuf had the power to punish the brothers who had wronged him, he instead said: "No blame will there be upon you today. Allah will forgive you, and He is the Most Merciful of the merciful." (Surah Yusuf 12:92)

In this way, Surah Yusuf is not only a historical narrative but also a sustained meditation on patience, trust, moral integrity, and reconciliation. Its uninterrupted structure allows readers to witness how Allah's wisdom can transform suffering into mercy over time, making it one of the Quran's most cohesive and deeply reflective chapters.

Read more about Prophet Yusuf in our exclusive post: Surah Yusuf  - One of the most psychologically rich narratives in religious literature 

5.    Prophet Isa (ʿĪsā عليه السلام) is mentioned by name 25 times in the Quran across 11 surahs. He is also referred to by other titles such as:

• Al-Masīḥ (The Messiah)
• ʿĪsā ibn Maryam (Jesus, son of Mary)
• Kalimatullāh (Word from Allah) (3:45)
• Rūḥun minhu (A Spirit from Him) (4:171)

The most important passages about Prophet Isa If you wish to study Prophet Isa's life and mission in the Quran, these passages are the most comprehensive:

• Surah Aal Imran (3:42–63) This passage includes:
• The announcement of his birth.
• His miraculous birth to Maryam.
• His miracles by Allah's permission.
• His call to worship Allah.
• The clarification of his status.
• Surah Maryam (19:16–40) This is one of the most beautiful narratives in the Quran and includes:
• Mary's seclusion.
• The angel's announcement.
• The virgin birth.
• Jesus speaking in the cradle.
• His declaration: "Indeed, I am the servant of Allah."
• Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:110–120) This passage recounts:
• The miracles given to Jesus by Allah's permission.
• The table spread from heaven.
• The dialogue between Allah and Jesus on the Day of Judgment.
• Jesus' denial that he instructed people to worship him.
• Surah An-Nisa (4:157–171) These verses discuss:
• The Quranic perspective that Jesus was not crucified in the way his opponents claimed.
• Allah raising him.
• His status as a messenger.
• A rejection of attributing divinity to him.
• Surah As-Saff (61:6–14) This passage describes:
• Jesus confirming the Torah.
• His announcement of a messenger to come after him, named Ahmad.
• The support given by his disciples.

Main themes of Prophet Isa in the Quran Across these passages, the Quran emphasizes that Prophet Isa:

• Was born miraculously to the Virgin Mary by Allah's command.
• Was one of Allah's greatest messengers.
• Palled people to worship Allah alone.
• Received the Gospel (Injīl).
• Wwas the Messiah (Al-Masīḥ).
• Was not divine but a servant and messenger of Allah.
• Will ultimately be among those honored by Allah.

The Quran consistently presents Prophet Isa with profound respect and honor while emphasizing his role as a prophet who called people to monotheism and obedience to Allah.

Repeated teachings

Rather than repeating the exact wording, the Quran frequently revisits foundational teachings:

• Worship Allah alone.
• Remember Allah often.
• Establish prayer.
• Give charity.
• Be just.
• Be patient.
• Forgive others.
• Reflect on creation.
• Prepare for the Hereafter.
• Repent sincerely.

A deeper perspective

The Quran repeats what human beings most need to remember. We do not forget facts as easily as we forget values. We may know that Allah is Merciful, that life is temporary, or that gratitude is important, yet daily distractions can cause these truths to fade from our consciousness.

By returning repeatedly to its central messages—Allah's oneness, His mercy, accountability, gratitude, justice, and the Hereafter—the Quran acts as a continual reminder. Each repetition appears in a new context, allowing the same truth to illuminate a different aspect of life. In this way, repetition in the Quran is intended not merely to inform the mind but to shape the heart and character over time.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo | For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A. You may also refer to our refference page: Scholars' Viewpoint on important issue related to Islam to know more about Islam.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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What is true Salvation - Does it come from wealth, power or status?

We live in a materialistic world where one's status, power and wealth is more weightier than the truth and piety. For those who have plenty of wealth and wield power, ethics and morality are things of the past and to be left to the priests and imams, Their entire orientation remains focused on how to have more wealth, elevated status and unparoled power so that none can compete or challenge their authority. We have umpteen examples from the history where such people commanded the meek and the weak and anyone who came their way was slain or taken off the scene forever.

But does this ensure freedom or salvation? For all such people have left behind their imprints in the history books to be remembered for their obstinacy, false ego and pride and as a lesson for coming generations to stand with the truth for the salvation lies for those who stand with the truth, no matter what their status may be. We have names like Pharaoh, Genghis Khan and many dictators who ruled through their armies, killed millions who dared to challenge them. But in the end, they too died deaths that were torturing, regretful and empty hands with not a penny in their coffins t save them from the torment of the graves and later when they will be presented to the Lord of the World on the Day of Judgment, when they will be charge sheeted for torturing those who cling to the truth and had the audacity to challenge them, despite knowing their fate.

So who does achieve true salvation in the end? The wealthy demagogues and the torturous rulers or the simple souls who did not possess anything, yet stood by the truth as revealed to them by the prophets and messengers of God?

The answer lies in reading history, specially the formatting years of Islam when Islam was trying to find inroads into hearts of the stubborn, proud and egoistic elite of the Makkah who confronted Prophet Muhammad ﷺ with brutal resistance and never parted with the faith of their forefathers. And who stood with Prophet Muhammad ﷺ? The poor and the weak, who saw salvation from the bondage of their ruthless masters. They stood with the strength of every drop of their blood and sided with the truth - truth that made them rise much above the status of their masters and ultimately became the true servant of One True God.

When a man pitches whatever he has earned his ego against the truth, his wealth and status becomes meaningless. For wealth, status, power can be taken away Divinely when one persists in blocking the truth to himself due to his ego. This is exactly what has been mentioned in the second verse of Surah 111 Al Masad wherein it is said: “مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُ مَالُهُۥ وَمَا كَسَبَ His wealth and whatever he earned will not avail him.” This has been said about a rich, in fact claimed to be among the four richest men of the leading tribe of Makkah,  and egoistic man called Abu Lahab, who despite being an uncle of the Prophet, not only refused to heed to the Divine truth, but along with his wife, did his utmost to harm his nephew. And thus he faced the Divine torment and the couple died miserably, and his wealth and whatever he had earned did not avail him any good.

The verse conveys a broader principle:

• Wealth alone cannot save a person.
• Social position, power, family ties, or worldly achievements cannot guarantee success before Allah.
• What ultimately matters is faith, sincerity, and one's deeds.

Some commentators have taken ma kasaba in the meaning of the earning, i.r. the benefits that accrued to him from his wealth were his kasab(earning), and some other commentators have taken it to imply children, for the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) has said that a man's son also is his kasab (earning). (Abu Da'ud, Ibn Abi Hatim). Both these meanings fully correspond to the fate met by Abu Lahab. For when he was afflicted with the malignant pustule, his wealth availed him nothing, and his children also left him alone to die a miserable, wretched death. They did not even bury him honorably. Thus, within a few years the people witnessed how the prophecy which had been made in this Surah about Abu Lahab was literally fulfilled. 

Abu Lahab and his wife being specifically mentioned in Al Qur'an as the cursed ones, among the enemies of Islam, is just to emphasize that no relationship whatsoever, even with the holy Prophet (S), can be of any benefit when the person lacks in Faith. The men of Faith show no inclination toward those who go astray and never follow them in their wrong way, even when they are their close relatives.

Surah Al-Masad 111:2 teaches that the things people often rely on for security—wealth, influence, and worldly accomplishments—cannot provide true salvation. True salvation comes from one's relationship with Allah, faith, repentance, and righteous deeds. 

This verse is an eye opener for all those who think their wealth and status is ever lasting and none can harm them. But this fallacy is much too often proved wrong as none of the worldly galore remains forever. Men like Karun (Qarun) lost their wealth and their lives too while thinking that their wealth and status will be their saviours. While poor clad in rag tags rose to the highest glories for they knew their salvation rested on their standing with the Divine truth.

This is what Islam asks the men: What attitude one has when it comes to siding with the truth, and not how much wealth one amassed or the status one attained. Because Salvation lies with standing with the truth, and not by boasting of one's status and wealth.

A worth scholar once said: Anyone who wants to stands with the truth and is ready to sacrifice whatever he has to support the truth, should believe firmly on what he believes, develop his character strongly on this belief - this will aid in developing the true spiritual power that will make him stand against the demagogues sure footed - this spiritual growth provide strength much needed to brave the thorny track of truth for the worldly gods will come on to them with their full might to protect their wealth and status built on inner hollowness.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo | references: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A. You may also refer to our refference page: Scholars' Viewpoint on important issue related to Islam to know more about Islam.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

What is Divine Abandonment – why does it happen

God, the Creator of the entire universe, has sent a large number of prophets and messengers to various nations and communities so that the disarrayed people could be shown the Divine path and guided to it so that they could be blessed. Many had heeded to the Divine guidance since the life on earth began - but at the same time many confronted the prophets and rejected the Divine guidance shown to them. And it is the latter who are given ample time to steer their course of life and life a live as ordained to them Divinely. And when they still persist in their  egoistic outlook, God abandons them for good. 

This question of Divine abandonment  has been discussed by theologians and believers for centuries. In the Qur'an, God is often described as being near to people, guiding them, and responding to those who call upon Him. At the same time, there are verses that speak about God "leaving" people in error or withdrawing guidance from those who persistently reject it.

Let us reflect over this question and try to find out why the mere chastisement of Hell fire is not the only punishment men who deny One Ture God will get. In fact after their denial of Him, this world is made a place unlivable. Here is how it happens:

God, through his prophets establishes a pattern for guidance of men to His path: 

• The God deniers are shown signs, guidance, or opportunities. They are told the stories of the previous nations who confronted and resisted the prophets.
• God allowed them to continue on the path they have chosen.
• And their resistance becomes entrenched by repeatedly rejecting, ignoring, and turning away from prophets of God, they were subjected to horrible wrath which left only the ruins of their buildings as a lesson for the following people to take heed from and return to Him.
• In this view, divine "abandonment" is not usually portrayed as arbitrary. Rather, it is often described as a consequence of a person's persistent choices.

However, many people ask a different question: Why does it feel like God leaves someone alone even when they are trying, suffering, or seeking Him? Different religious traditions offer different answers. Within Islam, common themes include:

• A period of testing or spiritual growth.
• A call to patience and perseverance.
• The fact that God's wisdom may not be immediately apparent.
• The distinction between feeling abandoned and actually being abandoned.

The Quran contains expressions of deep distress from prophets and righteous people who experienced loneliness, fear, or apparent silence. Yet those experiences are not presented as evidence that God had truly forsaken them.

From a philosophical perspective, some thinkers argue that if humans are to have genuine freedom, there must be times when God does not overwhelm them with unmistakable signs or constant intervention. Otherwise, choice and moral responsibility would be diminished.

But those who persistently deny God's guidance, a time comes when they are abandoned altogether.  This abonnement is far severe than  any other test in this world. they are robbed of the peace of mind - although they are seen happy outwardly enjoying the luxuries of life, but deep inside their hearts there is a hollowness, a feeling of left out, finding no light at the end of the tunnel. This happens after persistent denial of God's existence and His blessings that are bestowed upon man. The more one is blessed, more egoistic, proud and criminal minded one becomes. From this stage on, one is something far different from one's actual self - a stage when the prick of the conscious becomes so light that one doesn't even feel it the warning bell that is continuously been sounded but now the volume start to dim and then finally fade.

Does it mean the man has been abandoned forever

When the prick of conscious and the ringing danger bells become ineffective to stir the conscious, does it mean the abandonment is total and complete and a point of no return has reached?

Well, the answer is a BIG NO. Allah has promised at many a places in Al Qur'an that His servants should never lose hope of being forgiven, provided they repent and seek Divine forgiveness. The idea that Allah accepts repentance up until a person reaches the point of death is expressed in the Qur'an, especially in:

“But repentance is not accepted of those who continue to do evil deeds until, when death comes to one of them, he says, ‘Indeed, I have now repented,’ nor of those who die while they are disbelievers...” — Qur'an

Another often-cited verse is: “Say, ‘O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.’” — Qur'an

Many scholars explain these verses together: Allah's forgiveness is available for any sin as long as a person sincerely repents before reaching the point of death.

This verses indicate that repentance remains open until death actually arrives; once a person reaches the moment of death and sees it approaching, repentance is no longer accepted. As can be seen in the above quoted verse, there is a catch: The catch is before one hears the angel of death knocking at the door. IF one repents before that and seek to be forgives, it is Divine promise that he will be forgiven, for God doesn't leave His servants helpless and unforgiven till the very last moment. 

So do no despair if you think your association with Allah has net been good or you think after so many denials now you will not be heard and Divinely forgiven. Repent as often as you can and continuously seek Divine forgiveness before you are caught unguard by the angel of the death - a time when you will depart this world ready to face the Divine wrath on the Day of Judgement.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo | references: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A. You may also refer to our refference page: Scholars' Viewpoint on important issue related to Islam to know more about Islam.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

Why Al Qur’an describes Zulm ( ظلم ) / oppression and injustice as one of the gravest moral and spiritual evils

No respectable family, community or nation ratifies oppression, injustice or wrongdoing or simply Zulm ( ظلم ) / done to to a man or community. Yet man has always been barbaric in nature and feels happy by oppressing others or doing injustice to the innocent or even feeling no shame in committing wrongdoing himself to take advantage of the weak and meek. 

There is a famous saying of the 1762 political philosophy book The Social Contract by Swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau "Man is born free and everywhere he is in chains" - an oft used quote to express the fate of the weak and might of the powerful.

It was true then, or even before since time immemorial, and continues to be true even today - and would continue to be so in times to come. Books are replete with examples of man's torture and oppression, while movies adequately portray the bitter truth - though to the delight of many, for man is intrinsically inclined towards harming others.

Today, through this post, we will try to explain why Al Qur'an describes Zulm ( ظلم ) / oppression and injustice as one of the gravest moral and spiritual evils. In fact oppression or Zulm is tangent to the core message of Islam which itself means peace. 

How Zulm is defined in Al Qur'an

The word comes from the idea of putting something out of its rightful place, violating rights, or acting unjustly toward God, others, or oneself. Therefore Islam condemns Zulm so strongly because it destroys justice, corrupts the soul, spreads suffering, and opposes the moral order God commands.

Let us know more why Zulm is considered as one of the gravest moral and spiritual evils: 

1. Allah does not approve of oppression

The Qur’an repeatedly states that Allah rejects injustice and wrongdoers. Herein under are some references from Al Qur'an that reject Zulm and consider the oppressors and the wrongdoers as the most abhorred beings.

• “And Allah does not love the wrongdoers (ẓālimīn).” — Qur’an 3:57
• Read explanation at: Why the wrongdoers are robbed of Humility and punished
• “Indeed, Allah commands justice, excellence, and giving to relatives, and forbids immorality, wrongdoing, and oppression.” — Qur’an 16:90
• Read explanation: Allah enjoins Three Virtues - and Forbids Three Vices
• “Do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness.” — Qur’an 5:8

Justice is required even toward enemies. This shows that in Islam justice is not based on tribal loyalty, emotion, or power.

2. Oppression against people is a major sin

The Qur’an strongly condemns those who abuse power, exploit others, or spread corruption:

• “The way of blame is only against those who oppress people and tyrannize upon the earth without right.” — Qur’an 42:42
• “And do not think Allah is unaware of what the wrongdoers do.” — Qur’an 14:42

Pharaoh is mentioned in Al Qur'an as an example of utter oppressor and injustice. About Pharaoh, the Qur’an says:

• “Indeed, Pharaoh exalted himself in the land and divided its people into factions, oppressing a group among them.” — Qur’an 28:4
• Pharaoh is presented as the model of tyranny, arrogance, abuse of power, dehumanization, and oppression of the weak.

3. Shirk is called the greatest Zulm

The Qur’an describes associating partners with Allah (shirk) as the greatest injustice:

“Indeed, shirk is a tremendous ظلم (ẓulm).” — Qur’an 31:13

Why shirk is the greatest Zulm? Because from the Qur’anic perspective:

• Worship belongs only to Allah,
• Dependence ultimately belongs to Him alone,
• and giving divine status to created things distorts reality itself.

That is why shirk is described as the greatest misplacement of truth and devotion.

Read about shirk from our reference page: Understanding Shirk - Grave sin of Associating Partners with Allah

4. People often wrong themselves

The Qur’an frequently says people “wrong themselves”:

• “Allah did not wrong them, but they wronged themselves.” — Qur’an 3:117
• This includes: all types of sins, rejecting truth, moral corruption, and destructive choices.

The idea is that injustice harms the soul of the oppressor before anyone else.

5. Allah has forbidden ظلم even for Himself

One of the most powerful Hadith Qudsi states:

“O My servants, I have forbidden oppression for Myself and have made it forbidden among you, so do not oppress one another.” — Sahih Muslim, Hadith 2577

This is one of the clearest statements in Islam about the sanctity of justice.

6. The prayer of the oppressed is especially feared

The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ warned strongly against oppressing others:

“Beware of the supplication of the oppressed, for there is no barrier between it and Allah.” — Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim 

This applies even if the oppressed person is weak or socially powerless.

7. Oppression becomes darkness on the Day of Judgment

The Prophet ﷺ said: 

“Oppression will be darkness on the Day of Resurrection.” — Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim

Which means that injustice blinds moral clarity, and its consequences appear fully in the Hereafter.

Why is Zulm treated so negatively in Islam?

The Qur’anic and Prophetic view is that oppression destroys the foundations of human life and destroys justice

Without justice: (1) Trust collapses, (2) societies decay, (3) corruption spreads, (4) the weak suffer and (5) It corrupts the oppressor

Arrogance and tyranny harden the heart. Pharaoh is repeatedly used as an example of how power without humility leads to destruction. It violates human dignity

The Qur’an teaches that humans were honored by Allah:

“We have certainly honored the children of Adam.” Al Qur’an 17:70

Oppression humiliates and strips people of rights Allah granted them. It opposes taqwa (God-consciousness). True righteousness requires fairness, mercy, and accountability.

Islam emphasizes mercy and repentance instead

Even though ظلم is condemned strongly, repentance is always open:

“Say, ‘O My servants who have transgressed against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Indeed, Allah forgives all sins.’” - Qur’an 39:53

So the Qur’an combines justice, accountability, mercy, and reform. A person is not condemned forever if they sincerely repent and restore rights.

Summary

In the Qur’an and authentic Hadith, Zulm is hated because it (1) Violates truth, (2) abuses power, (3) harms people, (4) corrupts the soul, (5) and destroys the balance Allah established.

That is why Islam places such enormous emphasis on:

• Justice (ʿadl),
• Mercy (raḥmah),
• Honesty,
• Humility,
• and protecting the rights of others.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

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For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A. You may also refer to our refference page: Scholars' Viewpoint on important issue related to Islam to know more about Islam.

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