One of Qur'an's clearest affirmations of the Oneness of Allah (Tawḥīd) - A timeless criterion that no created being shares His divinity

When it comes to theology, one must understand the distinguish difference between respect and worship. Islam encourages honoring prophets, righteous people, parents, and scholars, but it forbids directing acts of worship to them. This is the foundational concept of Islam that serves as timeless criterion that no created being shares divinity with one true God. All forms of worship are to be addressed to Him alone and no one else other than God, for others are created beings who on their on are nothing compared to their Creator.

This is the theme of the verse Surah An-Naḥl (16:20), being shared today and explained by some of the eminent scholars of Islam and exegetes of Al Qur'an. We will present the context, meaning and relevance to mankind.

The Verse

وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ لَا يَخْلُقُونَ شَيْئًا وَهُمْ يُخْلَقُونَ

"Those whom they invoke besides Allah create nothing; rather, they themselves are created." 

This verse is one of the Qur'an's clearest affirmations of Tawḥīd (the Oneness of Allah). It follows a passage (16:17–21) in which Allah presents a simple but profound argument: only the Creator deserves worship, not anything that is itself created.

The Context

The surrounding verses form a logical sequence:

16:17 — "Is He who creates like one who does not create"

16:18 — Human beings cannot even count Allah's blessings.

16:19 — Allah knows what people conceal and reveal.

16:20 — Those worshipped besides Allah create nothing.

16:21 — They are dead (or without independent life) and do not know when they themselves will be resurrected.

16:22 — Therefore, your God is One God.

The argument progresses from creation, to blessings, to knowledge, and finally to the exclusive right of Allah to be worshipped.

(You may like to refer to our earlier posts on the subject of  Compiled verses from Qur'an on specific subjects: | Faith in Allah | Tawhid |

Why was there a need to say this?

The first audience of the Qur'an included people who worshipped idols made of stone, wood, or metal. They believed these idols, or the beings they represented, could bring them closer to Allah or intercede on their behalf. The Qur'an challenges this belief with a straightforward question:

"Can something that did not create itself, and cannot create anything else, truly deserve worship?"

The verse reminds people that every created being is dependent, limited, needy, and mortal. Only the Creator is independent and worthy of worship.

Explanation of the verse by eminent scholars / exegets

1.    Ibn Kathir's Explanation

• Ibn Kathir explains that the verse exposes the helplessness of false deities.
• For the false deities (1) cannot create even the smallest thing, (2) cannot benefit themselves, (3) cannot repel harm, and are themselves created by Allah.

Whether the object of worship is an idol, an angel, a prophet, or a righteous person, none possesses independent divine power. Worship belongs to Allah alone.

2.    Maududi's Explanation

Maududi emphasizes that this verse establishes the fundamental distinction between the Creator and the created. Every created being, however great, is dependent upon Allah. To direct acts of worship toward any created being is irrational because worship rightly belongs to the One who created all things and sustains them.

3.    Yusuf Ali's Reflection

Yusuf Ali notes that humans often elevate created things above their true station. People may: deify rulers, idolize wealth, glorify saints, or place ultimate trust in worldly powers. But The Qur'an redirects attention to Allah, the sole Creator and Sustainer.

4.    Javed Ahmad Ghamidi's Explanation

Ghamidi points out that the verse appeals to human reason.

• The One who creates deserves gratitude, obedience, and worship.
• A being that is itself created has no independent claim to divinity.

Thus, the verse is not merely a theological statement but a rational argument.

How does this relate to people today?

Although stone idols still exist in some parts of the world, the principle of the verse extends much further. Throughout history, some people have directed acts of worship toward:

• deceased saints,
• revered religious figures,
• ancestors,
• kings or rulers,
• spiritual masters,
• celestial bodies,
• even living individuals regarded as possessing divine or semi-divine status.

However, the Qur'an's principle remains the same: "No created being shares Allah's divinity or deserves acts of worship."

How to distinguish between Respect and Worship

At the same time, it is important to distinguish between respect and worship. Islam encourages honoring prophets, righteous people, parents, and scholars, but it forbids directing acts of worship to them.

Acts of worship include:

• supplicating to them as if they independently hear and answer prayers,
• sacrificing in their name as an act of devotion,
• seeking forgiveness from them,
• believing they possess independent control over unseen events or divine powers.

The Qur'an consistently teaches that ultimate help, forgiveness, and reliance belong to Allah alone.

Verse 16:21 strengthens the argument by saying: "They are dead, not alive, and they do not know when they will be resurrected." (16:21)

The Qur'an underscores that those who are worshipped besides Allah—even if they were once honored human beings—remain Allah's servants and do not possess divine attributes. Thus worshipping any other deity than Allah is tantamount to Shirk - the unforgivable sin in Islam.

How can we avoid shirk?

The Qur'an and Sunnah teach several practical safeguards:

1. Know Allah through His Names and Attributes The better one understands Allah's uniqueness, power, knowledge, and mercy, the less likely one is to attribute divine qualities to creation.

2. Direct every act of worship to Allah alone The Qur'an repeatedly says: "You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help." (1:5) - This establishes exclusive devotion to Allah.

(Please refer to our earlier post: A small verse that is Spinal Cord of Al Qur’an based on Surah 1 Al Fatiha verse 5 mentioned above to understand the exclusive devotion to Allah.)

3. Love righteous people without elevating them

The Prophet ﷺ said:

"Do not exaggerate in praising me as the Christians exaggerated in praising the son of Mary. I am only a servant, so say: the servant of Allah and His Messenger." (Authentically reported in Sahih al-Bukhari)

This teaches that even the Prophet ﷺ should not be elevated beyond the status Allah gave him.

4. Base beliefs on the Qur'an and authentic Sunnah Practices inherited from culture or tradition should always be measured against revelation.

5. Make the Qur'anic supplication for steadfastness The Qur'an records the prayer of Prophet Ibrahim:

"Keep me and my children away from worshipping idols." (14:35)

Even a prophet asked Allah for protection from shirk, teaching believers to remain humble and vigilant.

A Reflection

Surah An-Naḥl 16:20 presents a timeless criterion for worship: only the One who creates deserves to be worshipped. Every other being—whether an idol, a prophet, an angel, a saint, a ruler, or any admired person—is created, dependent, and in need of Allah. The verse calls people to examine whom they rely upon with ultimate devotion and reminds them that reverence must never become worship. By grounding our beliefs in the Qur'an, following the authentic Sunnah, and directing all prayer, hope, fear, and ultimate reliance to Allah alone, we preserve the purity of Tawḥīd and protect ourselves from every form of shirk.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to our reference page Selected verses from Surah 16. An Nahl for more selected verses from this surah already published.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Stories of the Doomed as mentioned in Al Qur'an: People of Saba'

The Qur'an repeatedly recounts the stories of people who were destroyed—not to satisfy curiosity or dwell on tragedy, but to warn, educate, and reform. Their downfall demonstrates that arrogance, disbelief, injustice, and ingratitude ultimately lead to ruin, regardless of a nation's wealth or power. By reflecting on the fate of peoples believers are urged to avoid the same moral failings and to recognize that Allah's laws of justice apply across all generations. As the Qur'an says: "Indeed in their stories there is a lesson for people of understanding" (12:111), and "Travel through the earth and see how was the end of those before you" (30:42). Thus, these accounts serve as enduring signs that true success lies in faith, gratitude, justice, and obedience to Allah, while persistent rebellion against Him ultimately brings destruction.

We have in our series of posts already mentioned the doom of Nūḥ's people, ʿĀd, Thamūd, the people of Lūṭ and  Pharaoh. Through this post we add yet another account of the doomed people of Saba' who were destroyed for their turning back on their Creator despite being blessed with innumerable means of sustenance. Their account is mentioned in Surah Saba', the 34th chapter of Al Qur'an. 

Refer to our reference page: Stories of the Doomed as mentioned in Al Qur'an for more stories.

History and Context

The people mentioned in Surah Saba' (34:17) are the People of Saba' (Sheba), an ancient and prosperous Arab civilization located in present-day Yemen. They are best known for their magnificent kingdom, fertile lands, and the famous Ma'rib Dam, one of the greatest engineering achievements of the ancient world. The tale of their destruction is mentioned in the 16th verse of the Surah, shared herein under:

The Verse

فَأَعْرَضُوا فَأَرْسَلْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ سَيْلَ الْعَرِمِ وَبَدَّلْنَاهُمْ بِجَنَّتَيْهِمْ جَنَّتَيْنِ ذَوَاتَيْ أُكُلٍ خَمْطٍ وَأَثْلٍ وَشَيْءٍ مِّن سِدْرٍ قَلِيلٍ

"But they turned away, so We sent upon them the Flood of the Dam (Sayl al-'Arim), and We replaced their two gardens with two gardens producing bitter fruit, tamarisks, and a few lote trees." 

Historical Background The Qur'an first describes them in verses 34:15–17. In these verses it is said that Allah had blessed them with: fertile valleys, abundant orchards, flowing irrigation, security, flourishing trade, peace, and prosperity.

Verse 15 says: "Eat from the provision of your Lord and be grateful to Him. A good land and a Forgiving Lord." That is everything a nation could wish for had been granted.

Why Were They Destroyed? The obvious question that arises in peoples' mind is that if they hade be so overly blessed, then why were they destroyed. Here is the answer from the the key phrase of verse 16 is: "فَأَعْرَضُوا - But they turned away."

According to the major mufassirūn, this "turning away" was not merely neglecting gratitude—it was a broader rejection of Allah's guidance.

Scholarly explanation

Let us see how eminent scholars explain the why of their turning away

1.    Ibn Kathir

Ibn Kathir explains that they (1) rejected Allah's blessings, (2) became arrogant, (3) ignored His commands, (4) failed to thank Him, and (5) persisted in sin.

As a result, Allah caused the famous dam to collapse. Their lush gardens became barren. Their civilization declined.

2.    Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi

Maududi notes that the people of Saba' were not destroyed because they lacked wealth, but because wealth produced pride instead of gratitude.

He writes that prosperity becomes a curse when people: become self-sufficient, forget Allah, and believe civilization alone guarantees survival. Thus their destruction demonstrates that economic power without moral responsibility cannot endure.

3.    Yusuf Ali

Yusuf Ali sees the story as a parable for all civilizations. Material success cannot preserve a nation that abandons gratitude, justice, and righteousness. The contrast between flourishing gardens and barren land symbolizes how blessings can be withdrawn when abused.

4.    Javed Ahmad Ghamidi

Ghamidi emphasizes that Allah had made life exceptionally easy for Saba'. They enjoyed safety, prosperity, and every opportunity to recognize the Giver of these blessings. Their downfall came not because of a lack of resources but because they responded to abundance with ingratitude and indifference toward Allah's guidance.

What Was "Sayl al-'Arim"?

Most classical scholars identify it as the devastating flood that followed the failure of the Ma'rib Dam. Consequently, the flood destroyed irrigation, ruined agriculture, scattered the population, ended one of Arabia's greatest civilizations.

Archaeological evidence confirms that the Ma'rib Dam suffered major failures, contributing to the decline of the Sabaean kingdom. While archaeology cannot independently verify every aspect of the Qur'anic narrative, it is consistent with the existence of the dam and its historical collapse.

Why Does Allah Mention Their Gardens?

The Qur'an deliberately contrasts:

• Before There were two magnificent gardens, abundant fruit, beauty, and prosperity.
• After The flood destroyed everything and left behind bitter fruit, tamarisk, and sparse lote trees.

The lesson is profound: Allah did not merely reduce their wealth. He transformed abundance into hardship. That is their turning away from their Creator - the One who gives blessings can also withdraw them.

Lessons for Today

The story is not only about an ancient nation; it speaks to every prosperous society.

1. Gratitude preserves blessings

Blessings are maintained not merely by technology or economics but by thankfulness expressed through obedience and responsible conduct. Instead of being ungrateful we should be thankful and always turning to our Lord, not turning away. For those who are grateful, it is Divinely promised:

"If you are grateful, I will surely increase you..." (14:7)

2. Prosperity is a test

Comfort can lead either to gratitude or to complacency. Saba' failed the test because abundance made them forget the One who bestowed it.

3. Engineering and wealth are not guarantees

The Ma'rib Dam was a marvel of ancient engineering, yet it could not protect the people when they abandoned moral responsibility. The Qur'an teaches that technological achievement should never become a source of false security.

4. Moral decline often precedes material decline

The Qur'an presents a pattern: (1) First comes spiritual neglect, (2) then moral corruption, (3) eventually social and economic collapse. The flood was the outward consequence of a deeper inward decline.

5. Every blessing carries responsibility

Health, wealth, knowledge, influence, and natural resources are trusts from Allah. Using them with gratitude, justice, and humility preserves them; abusing them risks losing them.

Connection with the Theme of Surah Saba'

Surah Saba' repeatedly contrasts two responses to Allah's favors:

• Prophet Dawud (David) and Prophet Sulayman (Solomon) thanked Allah for their gifts and used power in obedience to Him.
• The people of Saba' received immense blessings but responded with ingratitude and turning away.

The message is clear: the difference between lasting success and ruin is not the amount of blessing one receives, but one's response to it.

A Reflection for Our Time

The story of Saba' is a timeless reminder that civilizations do not decline merely because of economic or environmental challenges; they become vulnerable when prosperity breeds arrogance, self-sufficiency, and forgetfulness of God. Wealth, technology, and infrastructure are among Allah's blessings, but they cannot secure a nation's future unless they are accompanied by gratitude, justice, humility, and moral responsibility. Surah Saba' teaches that true security lies not only in strong dams and flourishing economies, but in hearts that remain grateful to the One who grants every blessing.

Although, in present times, torments and destruction on the scale of people who have been doomed in the past do not occur. But unprecedented flood, earthquakes, tornadoes and tsunamis do befall over people as warning signs so that people start to turn to their Lord, rather than arrogantly turning away boasting their achievement, wealth, armies and prosperity. Within seconds cities are washed away or destroyed. Let us learn lessons from these stories and be always be grateful and thankful to Allah lest we too draw Divine wrath on us, God forbids.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from Surah 34. Saba  (The Sabaeans)  already published.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

Why does Allah ask believers to give Him goodly loan? Understand the metaphor "Goodly Loan"

The caption of our post may lead to some of the readers why should Allah ask loan from the believers for He is above all worldly needs and in fact it is He to blesses all means of sustenance for the entire mankind, whether they ask for it or not. So why a loan to Him. Let us understand this rather unique "demand" by Allah from Al Qur'an. The expression “a goodly loan to Allah” appears in several Qur’anic verses. 

One of the clearest verse from AL Qur'an is found in the 11th verse of Surah Al-Ḥadīd, the 57th Surah/Chapter of Al Qur'an shared herein under along with  its explanation by eminent Muslim scholars:

مَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يُقْرِضُ اللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًا فَيُضَاعِفَهُ لَهُ وَلَهُ أَجْرٌ كَرِيمٌ

“Who is it that will lend Allah a goodly loan, so He may multiply it for him, and he will have a noble reward?”

A similar statement appears in 2:245, while the same idea is also found in 5:12, 57:18, 64:17, and 73:20. Please refer to earlier post: Give Goodly Loan to Allah - He will increase it Several Fold for explanation of 64:17 to understand the verse being explained in this post.

What does “lending Allah” mean?

It does not mean that Allah needs money or becomes indebted to anyone. Allah is Al-Ghanī—the Self-Sufficient, while human beings are entirely dependent upon Him.

The expression is a powerful metaphor for: (1) spending sincerely for Allah’s sake; (2) helping the poor,  (3) needy, or indebted; (4) supporting beneficial religious and social causes; (5) using one’s wealth, abilities, or resources in ways pleasing to Allah.

Although the money reaches another human being, Allah describes it as a loan made to Him. This gives dignity to the recipient and assures the giver that nothing spent sincerely is ever lost.

Why is it called a “loan”?

A loan normally carries the expectation that it will be returned. Allah uses this familiar human expression to give the believer absolute assurance: Whatever you give for Allah will return to you—multiplied.

The repayment may come as: (1) blessing in one’s remaining wealth; (2) protection from harm; (3) inner peace and purification; (4) reward in the Hereafter; (5) forgiveness and entrance into Paradise.

That means Allah is not borrowing from us; rather, He is honouring us by accepting His own provision back from us and promising a far greater return.

What makes it a goodly loan—قَرْضًا حَسَنًا (qardan ḥasanan)?

A charitable act becomes a “goodly loan” when it is

• Given sincerely for Allah, not for fame or praise.
• Earned lawfully, because Allah is pure and accepts what is pure.
• Given willingly, without resentment.
• Free from reminders and humiliation of the recipient.
• Directed toward a genuinely beneficial cause.
• Given from something valuable, not merely what the giver wants to discard.

Remember, loan or charity to anyone other than the intention of pleasing Allah becomes useless. That is why Al Qur’an warns: “Do not invalidate your charities with reminders of your generosity or hurtful words.” —Qur’an 2:264

Therefore, the manner of giving is as important as the amount.

Why does Allah say, “Who is it that will lend Allah?”

This is not because Allah is unaware of who will give. It is an invitation that awakens faith and generosity. It is as though Allah asks:

Who trusts My promise enough to exchange temporary wealth for permanent reward?

The rhetorical question turns charity from a loss into an investment with Allah.

Its connection with Surah Al-Ḥadīd Surah Al-Ḥadīd repeatedly teaches that worldly wealth is temporary and that human beings are only trustees of what Allah has given them. Just before verse 57:11, believers are commanded:

“Believe in Allah and His Messenger and spend from that over which He has made you trustees.” —Qur’an 57:7

The wealth was originally Allah’s. Human beings temporarily possess it. When they spend it for good, Allah nevertheless calls it a “loan” and promises to multiply it. This demonstrates His extraordinary generosity.

How can we apply it today?

The value of goodly loan never ceases and is for all times. A goodly loan may include:

• feeding a struggling family;
• paying for someone’s education or medical treatment;
• helping an honest debtor;
• supporting an orphan or widow;
• contributing to clean water, shelter, or community welfare;
• giving secretly to preserve another person’s dignity;
• supporting authentic religious education and beneficial knowledge.

It may also include qard ḥasan in its ordinary legal sense: giving someone an interest-free loan and requiring only the original amount to be returned.

The deeper lesson

The “goodly loan” is a test of what we truly believe. Wealth appears to decrease when it leaves our hands, but faith sees that it has merely been transferred from a temporary account in this world to an everlasting account with Allah.

Please listen to an enlightening explanation of goodly loan to Allah by Nauman Ali Khan, one of the eminent Muslim scholars of present times:

To sum up, it is impressed upon all believers that to lend Allah a goodly loan means to give sincerely from what He has entrusted to us, confident that He will preserve it, multiply it, and return it as blessing, forgiveness, and eternal reward.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from Sürah 57. Al-Ḥadīd (The Iron)

 already published.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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A single statement from Al Qur'an that gives out a complete blueprint for human society

A righteous human society is the ultimate objective of Al Qur'an. a society which free from heartburns and false pride - a society where hearts of every believer beat together. We have been sharing such verses from Al Qur'an for the guidance of our readers. Today we share one very important verse that gives out a complete blueprint for human society. This is the 25th verse of Surah Al Ḥadīd, the 57th Surah of Al Qur'an.

The Verse

لَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا رُسُلَنَا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَنْزَلْنَا مَعَهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْمِيزَانَ لِيَقُومَ النَّاسُ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ وَأَنْزَلْنَا الْحَدِيدَ فِيهِ بَأْسٌ شَدِيدٌ وَمَنَافِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ

"Indeed, We sent Our Messengers with clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Book and the Balance so that people may uphold justice. And We sent down iron, in which is great might and benefits for mankind, so that Allah may make evident who supports Him and His Messengers unseen. Indeed, Allah is All-Powerful, Almighty." (Qur'an 57:25)

This verse is widely regarded as one of the Qur'an's most comprehensive statements on the philosophy of civilization. It describes the essential ingredients required for a just and enduring human society. In a single verse, Allah mentions five pillars of civilization:

Messengers – moral leadership.

Clear proofs – evidence and truth.

The Book – Divine guidance and law.

The Balance (Mīzān) – justice, fairness and accountability.

Iron – lawful power to protect justice.

Together they present the Qur'anic blueprint for establishing a righteous civilization.

Historical Context

Surah Al-Hadid was revealed in Madinah when the Muslim community was no longer merely preaching faith but was also building a functioning society. The Muslims had (1) established a state, (2) enacted laws, (3) defended themselves militarily, (4) developed economic institutions, and (5) begun governing diverse communities.

This verse explains how every successful civilization should function.

Commentary on this verse by eminent scholars / exegetes of Al Qur'an

Let us now understand the importance and explanation of the verse by eminent Muslims scholars / exegetes:

Ibn Kathir's Commentary Ibn Kathir explains that this verse summarizes Allah's entire program for humanity.

1. Messengers came with clear evidence That is Every prophet brought unmistakable proofs establishing the truth. 

Without revelation, people differ endlessly.

2. The Book The Book refers to Divine revelation. It teaches worship, morality, law, economics, family life, government, and justice for human opinions alone cannot guarantee fairness.

3. The Balance (Mīzān) According to Ibn Kathir, the Balance means justice. Every person, be it a ruler, judge, merchant, or a parent must judge fairly. Justice is the objective behind revelation.

4. Iron Ibn Kathir explains that iron represents strength. Some people obey voluntarily, while others refuse justice. Therefore governments require lawful authority to:

• stop oppression,
• punish criminals,
• defend society,
• protect the weak.

Justice without strength eventually collapses.

5. Allah tests people Allah already knows who supports His religion. The test is for humans to demonstrate their loyalty through action.

Abul A'la Maududi's Explanation Maududi calls this verse the philosophy of Islamic government and civilization. He explains that civilization rests upon three foundations.

• First: Guidance Without Divine guidance, people disagree on morality, rights, truth, purpose. Hence revelation is essential.
• Second: Justice 
• The Book alone is not enough. Justice must actually be implemented.
• The Mīzān represents: fair courts, honest trade, equal treatment, social responsibility. 
• A nation survives through justice.
• Third: Power Law without enforcement becomes meaningless.
• Iron symbolizes government, military, police, lawful authority - Its purpose is not oppression but protecting justice.
• Power must remain under Divine guidance.

Maududi concludes: Revelation guides, justice regulates, and power protects. Remove one of these and civilization eventually fails.

Yusuf Ali's Reflection Yusuf Ali gives this verse a broader moral meaning. For him:

• The Book forms the conscience.
• The Balance forms ethical society.
• Iron Iron provides the practical means to preserve civilization. Iron has two faces: 
• Constructive It can build: bridges, hospitals, homes, industries.
• Destructive Or destroy through war, tyranny, oppression.
• Therefore moral guidance must govern technological power.

Javed Ahmad Ghamidi's Explanation Ghamidi emphasizes the sequence of the verse.

• Allah first mentions: Prophets Evidence Revelation Justice - Only then mentions iron.
• This order is deliberate for Power is never the starting point - rather Power serves justice.

According to Ghamidi, Islam does not seek dominance through force. Instead: Truth leads to Conviction and Conviction leads to Justice to establish Responsible Authority. The state exists to protect justice—not to impose faith by coercion.

Nouman Ali Khan's Reflection Nouman Ali Khan often highlights the remarkable progression in this verse. He explains that Allah did not say He sent iron first. Instead, He established a sequence:

• Truth is taught.
• Hearts are convinced.
• Society accepts justice.
• Only then is authority exercised when necessary.

He also notes the symbolism:

• The Book shapes the mind.
• The Balance shapes relationships.
• Iron protects both.

Without revelation, power becomes tyranny. Without power, justice can become ineffective against oppression. A healthy society requires all three working together in the proper order.

He further points out that iron is described as containing both "great might" and "benefits for mankind," reminding us that technology and material resources are morally neutral; whether they become tools of mercy or oppression depends on the values that govern them.

Why This Verse Is a Blueprint for Human Society

The verse outlines the progression necessary for a flourishing civilization:

     Foundation             Purpose

Messengers             Moral leadership

Clear proofs             Convincing evidence

The Book             Divine guidance and law

The Balance             Justice and fairness

Iron                             Lawful authority and protection

This progression teaches that: (1) truth precedes law, (2) law aims at justice, (3) justice sometimes requires legitimate authority to protect it.

How Can We Implement This Verse Today?

Although most individuals do not govern nations, the principles of this verse apply at every level of life.

1. Seek guidance from revelation Let the Qur'an and the authentic Sunnah shape beliefs, ethics, and decisions rather than changing social trends.

2. Practice justice Be fair (1) in business, (2) within the family, (3) in the workplace, (4) in courts, (5) on social media, (6) even toward those with whom you disagree.

The Qur'an repeatedly commands justice, even against one's own interests (e.g., 4:135 and 5:8).

3. Use power responsibly Whatever authority a person possesses—as a parent, employer, teacher, community leader, or public official—the authority should be exercised to protect rights, not to dominate others.

4. Use technology for benefit

"Iron" today extends beyond metal to the tools and technologies that shape society. Scientific knowledge, industry, engineering, transportation, communication, and even artificial intelligence should serve humanity under ethical guidance rather than exploitation.

5. Support justice actively

The verse concludes by distinguishing those who support Allah and His messengers "unseen." This means standing for truth and justice even when there is no worldly reward, public recognition, or immediate personal benefit.

A Timeless Reflection

Surah Al-Ḥadīd 57:25 teaches that a righteous society is not built by power alone, nor by ideals alone. It requires revelation to guide, justice to regulate, and lawful authority to protect. When moral guidance is separated from power, oppression follows; when justice lacks authority, oppression prevails; and when power is restrained by revelation and exercised with justice, society flourishes. This is why many scholars regard this verse as one of the Qur'an's most comprehensive statements on the foundations of a just civilization.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer for more Selected Verses from Sürah 57. Al-Ḥadīd (The Iron), already published.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

Al Qur'an: Surah Al-Ḥadīd (The Iron) – Themes and Selected Verses

Surah Al-Ḥadīd (Chapter 57) is one of the most profound Madinan chapters of the Qur'an. It contains 29 verses and derives its name from verse 25, where Allah mentions iron (al-ḥadīd) as a symbol of strength, justice, and human civilization. However, the surah is not primarily about iron. Its central message is about building a society founded upon faith, humility, justice, sacrifice, and awareness of Allah.

The surah begins by declaring Allah's absolute sovereignty over the universe and ends by emphasizing that all guidance and prophethood are gifts from Allah. Between these two points, it teaches believers how to live in a world without becoming enslaved by it.

Al-Qurʾān: Overview and Selected verses from: Sürah

We have already published the Tafseer / Exegesis of the Sürah, which can be accessed from by clicking on the highlighted link:  | Overview |  Exegesis / Tafseer |

Herein under we will only present an overview entire Sūrah and some of the selected verses for selective reading / references. The following overview includes the context, major themes and subjects and lessons that we can learn from this Sūrah, followed by references to  some of the selected verses already published.

Historical Context

Surah Al-Ḥadīd was revealed in Madinah, when the Muslim community had evolved from a persecuted minority into an organized society with growing political and social responsibilities.

The believers now faced new challenges in administering justice, defending the community, spending wealth in Allah's cause, resisting hypocrisy, and avoiding attachment to worldly success.

Unlike the Makkan surahs, which largely establish faith, Surah Al-Ḥadīd asks: "Now that you believe, what kind of people will you become?"

Why is it called "The Iron"?

The name comes from verse 57:25: "And We sent down iron, wherein is great strength and benefits for mankind..."

Iron symbolizes: strength, justice, civilization, industry, responsibility, and the ability to defend truth. Many classical scholars understood "iron" metaphorically as well as literally. Allah mentions it alongside the Book and the Balance (justice) to show that a righteous society requires: (1) guidance (the Book), (2) justice (the Balance), (3) and the practical means to uphold justice (iron).

The Central Theme

If Surah Al-Ḥadīd could be summarized in one sentence, it would be: "Do not let the temporary world distract you from the eternal reality of Allah." Everything in the surah revolves around this truth. It repeatedly contrasts:

• Temporary vs eternal,
• Appearance vs reality,
• Wealth vs faith,
• Pride vs humility,
• Hypocrisy vs sincerity,
• Worldly success vs divine success.

Major Themes

1. Allah's Absolute Majesty (Verses 1–6)

• The surah begins: "Whatever is in the heavens and the earth glorifies Allah."
• Allah is described as: the First, the Last, the Manifest, the Hidden (57:3). This remarkable verse reminds believers that Allah transcends time and space while remaining fully aware of His creation.
• Lesson Everything begins and ends with Allah. Human achievements are temporary, but Allah alone is eternal.

2. Allah is Near (Verse 4)

"He is with you wherever you are."

This does not mean Allah is physically present everywhere; rather, classical scholars explain it as referring to His knowledge, power, and awareness encompassing all creation. This means no act of worship, injustice, or kindness escapes Allah's knowledge.

3. Spend in Allah's Cause (Verses 7–18)

• One of the surah's major themes is generosity. Allah repeatedly asks: Who will lend Allah a goodly loan?
• This powerful expression teaches that spending for righteous purposes is an investment whose reward Allah guarantees.

Please refer to our post: Why does Allah ask believers to give Him goodly loan? to understand the metaphor "Goodly Loan" (Verse 11

4. Light on the Day of Judgment (Verses 12–15)

The passage dwells on the theme that Believers will receive light, while Hypocrites will desperately ask for some of that light.

Hypocrites are thus told: "Go back and seek light."

The scene vividly illustrates that true faith cannot be borrowed at the last moment; it must be cultivated in this life.

5. Hearts Becoming Hardened (Verse 16)

Perhaps the most famous verse: "Has the time not come for the hearts of those who believe to humble themselves before the remembrance of Allah?"

According to reports, this verse deeply affected many of the Prophet's companions, reminding them to renew their sincerity. It remains one of the Qur'an's most moving calls to spiritual awakening.

Please refer to our post: Has Not that Time Come as yet - A stern warning for Believers for explanation of verse 16.

6. The Reality of Worldly Life (Verse 20)

One of the Qur'an's greatest descriptions of the world. Life is:  play, amusement, adornment, boasting, competition.

It resembles vegetation after rain that eventually dries into straw. The point is not to condemn the world but to expose its transience.

7. Compete for Paradise (Verse 21)

Immediately after exposing worldly competition, Allah redirects human ambition: "Race toward forgiveness from your Lord..." The surah does not eliminate ambition—it transforms its goal.

Please refer to detailed explanation of verse 21 (in the backdrop of verse 20) from our earlier published post: Race toward forgiveness from your Lord - Al Qur'an's most profound passages on the reality of worldly life viz the eternal life of the Hereafter

8. Everything Happens by Allah's Knowledge (Verses 22–23)

No calamity occurs except that Allah has already known it. The practical wisdom is: (1) Do not despair over losses, and (2) Do not become arrogant over success.

These verses cultivate resilience and gratitude.

9. Iron and Justice (Verse 25)

One of the most discussed verses in which Allah sent: (1) the Book, (2) the Balance, and (3) Iron. Together they represent: truth, justice, and strength. A just society requires all three.

This verse carries very deep meaning and has to be understood correctly. Please refer to detailed explanation of verse 25 from our post: A single statement from Al Qur'an that gives out a complete blueprint for human society

10. Prophethood and Mercy (Verses 26–29)

The surah concludes by tracing the prophetic tradition through Noah, Abraham, and Jesus, emphasizing that guidance is a gift from Allah and that believers should seek His grace rather than worldly prestige.

What makes this surah unique?

It connects three dimensions of Islam:

• Spirituality Awareness of Allah.
• Character Humility, generosity, sincerity.
• Civilization Justice, strength, responsibility.

Few surahs integrate all three as seamlessly as Surah Al-Ḥadīd.

What do we learn today?

In a world driven by:

• consumerism,
• competition,
• social media,
• political polarization,
• economic inequality,

Surah Al-Ḥadīd reminds us:

• Wealth is a trust, not an identity.
• Power should uphold justice, not oppression.
• Faith should soften the heart, not harden it.
• Success is measured by closeness to Allah rather than status.
• Trials and blessings alike should deepen our reliance on Allah.
• Society flourishes when revelation, justice, and moral strength work together.

The Essence of Surah Al-Ḥadīd

Surah Al-Ḥadīd teaches that Allah alone is the Eternal Reality, while everything else in this world is temporary and entrusted to us as a test. It calls believers to soften their hearts through remembrance, spend generously, uphold justice with both wisdom and strength, and redirect their natural ambition from worldly rivalry to competing for Allah's forgiveness and Paradise. By combining profound theology, moral refinement, and principles for a just society, the surah shows that true success lies not in what we possess, but in how faithfully we use Allah's gifts to seek His pleasure. It transforms the believer's perspective: the world is no longer the destination—it is the field in which we prepare for eternity.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

Race toward forgiveness from your Lord - Al Qur'an's most profound passages on the reality of worldly life viz the eternal life of the Hereafter

Surah Al-Ḥadīd (57:20–21) forms one of the Qur'an's most profound passages on the reality of worldly life versus the eternal life of the Hereafter. These verses were revealed in Madinah, where the Muslim community was becoming established and experiencing increasing prosperity. Allah reminds the believers not to let material success distract them from their ultimate purpose. Verse 20 describes the temporary nature of this world, while verse 21 immediately redirects believers toward striving for Allah's forgiveness and Paradise. Together, they balance detachment from the dunya with active striving for the Ākhirah.

Verse 20

"Know that the life of this world is only play, amusement, adornment, boasting among yourselves, and competition in wealth and children. It is like rain whose resulting vegetation pleases the farmers; then it dries and you see it turn yellow; then it becomes debris. But in the Hereafter is severe punishment and forgiveness from Allah and His pleasure. And the life of this world is nothing but the enjoyment of delusion." (57:20)

• Context This verse does not condemn worldly life itself. Islam permits earning wealth, raising a family, enjoying Allah's blessings, and beautifying one's life within lawful limits. Rather, it warns against making the dunya one's ultimate goal.
• Allah describes the stages of worldly attachment:
• Play (لَعِبٌ) – the carefree pursuits of childhood.
• Amusement (لَهْوٌ) – distractions that consume time.
• Adornment (زِينَةٌ) – concern with appearance and status.
• Boasting (تَفَاخُرٌ) – pride in achievements and lineage.
• Competition in wealth and children (تَكَاثُرٌ) – endless rivalry for more.
• The imagery of rain and vegetation illustrates how worldly success flourishes briefly before fading into dry stubble. Human life follows a similar pattern: youth, strength, prosperity, decline, and death.
• Explanation by Classical scholars
• Ibn Kathīr explains that Allah compares worldly life to crops that delight farmers but soon wither, showing how quickly worldly attractions disappear. The lasting realities are Allah's forgiveness or His punishment.
• Al-Ṭabarī notes that every stage mentioned reflects a common preoccupation of human beings, yet all are temporary and cannot accompany a person into the grave.
• Al-Qurṭubī emphasizes that the world becomes blameworthy only when it distracts from obedience to Allah. Used in His service, worldly blessings become acts of worship.

We have already published a detailed exegesis of verse 20 which can be accessed from our post: O’ Man! Know that the life of this world is only amusement, adornment, boasting and competition

Verse 21

"Race toward forgiveness from your Lord and a Garden as wide as the heavens and the earth, prepared for those who believe in Allah and His messengers. That is the bounty of Allah which He gives to whom He wills. And Allah is the Possessor of immense bounty." (57:21)

• Context
• After warning about worldly competition, Allah redirects that same human drive toward something worthy.
• People naturally compete for wealth, fame, influence, and recognition. Allah says: compete instead for forgiveness and Paradise.
• The command "Race" (سَابِقُوا) conveys urgency. Just as athletes strive for victory, believers should hasten toward repentance, righteous deeds, charity, prayer, patience, and beneficial knowledge.
• This verse parallels:
• 3:133: "Race toward forgiveness from your Lord and a Garden..."
• 23:61: "It is those who hasten to good deeds, and they are foremost in them."
• 83:26: "So for this let the competitors compete."

The Scholarly explanation This verse follows immediately after Allah's description of the fleeting nature of worldly life (57:20). Having shown that worldly competition is temporary, Allah redirects believers toward a competition that truly matters—the pursuit of His forgiveness and Paradise.

• Ibn Kathir 
• Ibn Kathir explains that after showing how temporary worldly life is, Allah redirects believers to what deserves real effort. He notes that: the command "Race" (سَابِقُوا) indicates eagerness and urgency; forgiveness comes before Paradise because no one enters Paradise except through Allah's mercy and forgiveness; describing Paradise as "as wide as the heavens and the earth" emphasizes its unimaginable vastness rather than giving a geometric measurement.
• Ibn Kathir also relates this to the Prophet's encouragement to hasten toward good deeds before obstacles prevent them.
• Abul A'la Maududi's explanation Abul A'la Maududi focuses on the contrast between verses 20 and 21. 
• He explains: Human beings naturally compete. Although Islam does not abolish competition. Islam redirects competition from temporary achievements to eternal success.
• He writes that worldly rivalry often produces: envy, arrogance, injustice, greed.
• Allah therefore invites believers to engage instead in a noble competition whose prize is Allah's forgiveness and Paradise.
• Maududi also notes that Paradise's vastness teaches that Allah's reward is beyond human imagination.
• Abdullah Yusuf Ali's explanation Abdullah Yusuf Ali sees the passage as a beautiful contrast.
• Verse 20 exposes: the glitter of the world.
• Verse 21 presents: the reality of eternity.
• Yusuf Ali explains that believers should not merely avoid worldly attachment but actively strive toward Allah.
• He remarks that Paradise is described in immense dimensions to help human minds grasp something that ultimately exceeds earthly comparison.
• Javed Ahmad Ghamidi's explanation Javed Ahmad Ghamidi emphasizes the literary flow of the passage. According to Ghamidi:
• Verse 20 dismantles the illusion that worldly life deserves ultimate devotion.
• Verse 21 immediately fills that vacuum by directing human ambition toward Allah.
• He stresses that Islam does not condemn worldly work, wealth, or family.
• Rather, it condemns making them life's highest purpose.
• The command to "race" means that a believer should pursue Allah's pleasure with the same determination that others pursue worldly success.

Relationship between the two verses

The two verses form a complete contrast:

            Verse 20                                 Verse 21

Temporary enjoyment                 Eternal reward

Competing for wealth                 Competing for forgiveness

Crops that wither                         Paradise that never fades

Illusion                                         Reality

Pride                                         Humility before Allah

As can be seen from comparison above, Allah first changes our perspective, then redirects our ambition.

Connection with Hadith

The Prophet ﷺ said: "Be in this world as though you were a stranger or a traveler." (Sahih al-Bukhari, 6416) [ Read explanation of hadith at: But the life of this world (compared to the Hereafter) is only a fleeting enjoyment]

And he also said: "The world is sweet and green, and Allah has made you successors in it to see how you will act." (Sahih Muslim, 2742)

These hadith complement the verses perfectly: the world is not to be abandoned, but it is a temporary trust and a place of testing.

What do these verses teach us today?

These verses are especially relevant in an age dominated by consumerism, social media, and constant comparison.

They remind us that likes, followers, possessions, titles, and status are temporary.

They expose the emptiness of defining success solely by wealth or recognition.

They encourage us to redirect our competitive spirit toward faith, character, generosity, and service.

They teach us to enjoy Allah's lawful blessings with gratitude while keeping our hearts attached to the Hereafter rather than to the fleeting attractions of this world.

They remind us that the true measure of success is not what we accumulate before death, but what we send ahead through sincere faith and righteous deeds.

A reflective summary

Surah Al-Ḥadīd 57:20–21 teaches that worldly life is like a beautiful crop after rain—captivating for a short time but destined to wither. Allah does not forbid the blessings of this world; rather, He warns us not to mistake the temporary for the eternal. Having exposed the illusion of worldly rivalry, He calls believers to race instead toward His forgiveness and the everlasting Paradise. The message is timeless: let the dunya remain in your hands, but let the Ākhirah remain in your heart, for only what is done for Allah will endure.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo: ChatGPT | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

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