Once a man or woman enters into the state of Ihram ' إِحْرَام ', there are certain prohibitions imposed on them for as long as they are in this state. We have already written a detailed post Hajj: The prohibited actions during state of Ihram ' إِحْرَام ' about these prohibitions. But what happens if someone, intentionally or unintentionally, violates these prohibitions? How to make amends? Through this post, we will deliberate on the penalties for violating the prohibitions of Ihram ' إِحْرَام '.
There are three categories of penalty, depending on the nature of the transgression:
- Badanah: Offering a large sacrificial animal such as a camel or a cow (the size of which normally constitutes seven parts). Violations that may require a Badanah include things like engaging in sexual relations, or performing Tawaf (circumambulation of the Kaaba) in a state of ritual impurity.
- Damm: Offering a small sacrificial animal such as a sheep or a goat (or the cost of one-seventh of a large animal if sharing). Some of the actions that neccetate Damm are as under:
- Entering the Miqat without coming into Ihram.
- Applying fragrances or perfumes to the body or the clothing, or using scented substances.
- Applying henna or kohl to the body.
- Wearing stitched/sewn/tailored clothing that fits the shape of the body, in the case of men. For example, wearing underwear, shirts, trousers and jackets.
- Wearing footwear that covers the ankle, in the case of men.
- Covering the head or face.
- Shaving, cutting, trimming or removing hair from any part of the body.
- Clipping the nails on the hands or feet.
- Kissing, touching or embracing a person of the opposite gender with lust/desire.
- Having sexual relations. Depending on when this takes place, it could also invalidate the Hajj or Umrah and liable for Badanah penalty.
- Hunting a prohibited animal.
- Omitting an obligatory action of Hajj or Umrah or not performing it in the way it should be performed.
- Sadaqah: Offering charity to the poor, normally in the form of food such as flour, wheat, barley, dates or raisins. Depending on the violation, the amount of Sadaqah falls into three categories:
- Complete Sadaqah al-Fitr – This is equivalent to about 3 kg of wheat, 6 kg of barley or 6 kg of dates or raisins or its value in money.
- Less than Sadaqah al-Fitr – This can be a handful of wheat or an equivalent.
- Sadaqah equivalent to the value – For example, cutting trees or grass in the boundaries of the Haram will necessitate Sadaqah equivalent to the value of those mistakes. The amount due will be judged by two Muslim men who are local to the area and upright in their character.
For detailed information on Ihram violations and penalties, please refer to the site: Hajj -Violations & Penalties. The table given in the post gives out a very detailed information on type of violation and the penalty so incurred. Remember, the biggest penalty is for sexual intimacy and depending on the time and place, it may even invalidate the Hajj and one may have to return to Hajj next year or in future even after paying the penalty of Badanah.
Note: The penalties mentioned in the table referred above are generally agreed upon. However, one may differ according to the particular sect / school of thought instructions and directions.
This post is only about penalties for prohibitations about being in state of Ihram. For detailed information about Hajj, please refer to our reference page:
May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door.
وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ
(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”
That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.
May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.
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