A timeless rule of justice! No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another (Al Qur'an)

There are many a theories, theological or otherwise, that deliberate on sins and sharing the burden of sins by others, even the prophets. Such theories stand absolutely tangent to Islam. Verse 53:38 proclaims one of the greatest principles of divine justice: every soul stands before Allah on its own merits. Neither lineage, status, wealth, nor association can remove a person's moral responsibility, just as no innocent soul will ever be made to bear another's guilt. This truth liberates believers from false hopes and excuses alike. It calls us to sincere repentance, personal accountability, and righteous striving, knowing that Allah judges with absolute justice and mercy. When read together with the next verse—"that man shall have only what he strives for" (53:39)—it reminds us that our future with Allah is shaped not by inherited privilege or borrowed righteousness, but by our own faith, choices, and perseverance.

Please refer to our earlier post: Man is Divinely reassured that he will not be burdened beyond his capacity which carries similar theme.

With this premise, let us reflect upon the 38th verse of Surah 53 An Najm (The Star) and ponder of the true meaning of Divine justice, mercy and forgiveness.

The verse 

أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ

"That no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another." (Qur'an 53:38)

This statement is part of a passage (53:36–42) in which Allah reminds people that the core teachings given to Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) and Prophet Musa (Moses) have always been the same. The verses state:

53:36: Has he not been informed of what was in the Scriptures of Moses?

53:37: And of Abraham, who fulfilled his obligations?

53:38: That no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another.

53:39: And that man shall have only what he strives for.

53:40–42: His striving will be seen, rewarded in full, and to Allah is the final return.

Thus, verse 38 is not an isolated statement but one of the timeless principles found in previous revelations.

Historical Context (Asbāb al-Nuzūl)

The majority of classical scholars, including Ibn Kathir, Al-Tabari, Al-Qurtubi and Al-Baghawi, do not mention a specific incident that caused this verse to be revealed. Rather, it was revealed in the early Makkan period when the Quraysh held several false beliefs regarding accountability, including:

Ancestors would save descendants.

Idols and deities would carry their followers' sins.

Wealth or tribal status could guarantee salvation.

Others could bear responsibility before Allah.

Thus, this passage came to demolish those assumptions and establish individual moral responsibility.

Why was this principle mentioned?

Immediately before these verses, Allah criticizes those who turn away from guidance and rely on false hopes (53:33–35). Then Allah asks: "Has he not been informed of what was in the Scriptures of Moses and Abraham?" In other words, this is not a new teaching brought only by Muhammad ﷺ. Every prophet taught that every individual is personally accountable before Allah.

What does "no bearer shall bear another's burden" mean?

According to Ibn Kathir: Every soul is accountable for its own deeds. No one will be punished for someone else's sins unless they themselves participated in them.

Allah repeats this principle elsewhere:

6:164

17:15

35:18

39:7

The repetition shows how fundamental this principle is in Islam.

Does this mean nobody can help anyone?

No. This verse refers to bearing guilt before Allah, not helping others in worldly life. Islam encourages us to help one another, pray for one another, give charity, teach, forgive, and support family.

However, No person can remove another person's guilt before Allah merely by taking it upon themselves. On the Day of Judgement, even parents will  not be able to save their children nor would the children be able to save their parents as the following verse makes it very clear: Allah says: 

• "Fear a Day when no father will avail his son, nor will a son avail his father at all." (31:33)
• "A man will flee from his brother, his mother, his father..." (80:34–37)

That means on the Day of Judgment every soul will stand individually before Allah.

Prophet's intercession (Shafā'ah)?

There are authentic Hadiths attributed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ that he would intercede on behalf of his follower. This verse does not negate intercession. However, intercession exists only (1) by Allah's permission, and (2) for those whom Allah is pleased with.

Even then, the Prophet ﷺ does not carry anyone's sins. Rather, he intercedes, and Allah forgives. The guilt itself is never transferred to another.

Why can't someone carry another person's sins?

Because Allah is Perfectly Just. Imagine for example a murderer could simply transfer his punishment to an innocent person. Would that be justice? Of course not.

Allah says: "Allah does not wrong anyone even by the weight of an atom." (4:40)

Therefore, reward and punishment remain attached to the individual who chose the action.

But can someone share in another person's sin?

Yes. This does not contradict the verse. If someone causes another to sin, they bear their own sin for misleading others. For example: teaching shirk, spreading immorality, encouraging corruption.

The Prophet ﷺ has said: "Whoever calls to misguidance will have a burden of sin like those who follow him, without that decreasing their sins in the slightest." — Sahih Muslim

Another example of sharing sins as that if a man or woman wear revealing clothes with the intention of seduce others or forcing others to look at hem, then if someone falls prey to such an action, then both will be held accountable for their action and be dealt with accordingly. This is why in Islam a lot of emphasis is placed on covering one's aura so as to arrest any chance of sharing sins.

Connection with the next verse

Immediately after saying: "No bearer bears another's burden" Allah says:

"And that man shall have only that for which he strives." (53:39)

These two principles complete each other.

• Negative side: You cannot dump your sins on others.
• Positive side: You cannot receive reward without sincere effort.

Islam therefore rejects both inherited guilt and effortless salvation. Ibn Kathir explains that these verses establish two universal laws:

• Everyone is responsible for their own deeds.
• Every reward is connected with one's own striving.

He also notes that this principle was taught in the scriptures of both Ibrahim and Musa, demonstrating its continuity across divine revelation.

Practical lessons for today

This verse remains deeply relevant in contemporary life.

1. Stop blaming others for your sins People often say:

"My friends made me do it."

"Society forced me."

"My family is responsible."

The Qur'an teaches that while others may influence us, we remain accountable for our own choices.

2. Avoid spiritual complacency

Some rely on: (1) family background, (2) being born Muslim, (3) respected scholars, (4)  saints, and (5) famous ancestors. This verse reminds us that each person will answer for themselves before Allah.

3. Take responsibility

Instead of saying: "It's their fault," ask: "What is my responsibility before Allah?" This mindset fosters sincerity and moral growth.

4. Be careful what you encourage

Although no one carries another's guilt, anyone who invites others toward sin acquires additional responsibility for their own role in that misguidance.

5. Never despair over your past

Just as you cannot transfer your sins to others, others cannot permanently define your standing before Allah. Repentance remains open, and every person can return directly to Him.

A timeless reflection

Verse 53:38 proclaims one of the greatest principles of divine justice: every soul stands before Allah on its own merits. Neither lineage, status, wealth, nor association can remove a person's moral responsibility, just as no innocent soul will ever be made to bear another's guilt. This truth liberates believers from false hopes and excuses alike. It calls us to sincere repentance, personal accountability, and righteous striving, knowing that Allah judges with absolute justice and mercy. When read together with the next verse—"that man shall have only what he strives for" (53:39)—it reminds us that our future with Allah is shaped not by inherited privilege or borrowed righteousness, but by our own faith, choices, and perseverance.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from Sürah (53) An-Najm النجم‎ (The Star) already published. You may also like to refer to our refference page: Selected verses from Qur'an on Justice / Rules of Islamic Law for more verses about Islamic law / Justice.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Allah's justice ultimately transcends human injustice (selected verses from Al Qur'an)

The Divine religions always attract immense resistance for accepting Allah's sovereignty means recognizing that even a king is accountable to a higher moral law. Acceptance of faith of One True God by the oppressed and those in bondage means weakening of their power as their subjects and slave now possess a faith that is far stronger than mere power of their masters. If someone derives power from being treated as the highest authority—whether a ruler, priest, or social elite—this message limits that power.

The Quran portrays a similar mindset quoting Pharaoh as saying: "I do not know of any god for you other than myself." And he then persecuted even his trusted magicians when they saw the Divine power in front of the whole of Egypt when their snakes were eaten up by the spell produced by stick of Prophet Musa (Moses). 

Here it would be appropriate to mention an anecdote mentioned in Surah 85. Al-Burūj of Al Qur'an which tells us of persecution of almost everyone whop had accepted the Divine faith. The place associated with Al-Ukhdūd (الأخدود)—often referred to today as Al-Ukhdood Archaeological Site—holds significance because it is traditionally linked to one of the Quran's most moving accounts of steadfast faith under persecution. Here a people is mentioned who did not have any personal animosity with their people, but it was detaching from the main stream on account of accepting the Divine faith, leaving faith of their forefathers.

The Verse 

The 8th verse of the 85th Surah of Al Qur'an, Surah Al-Burūj (The Constellations), reads:

وَمَا نَقَمُوا مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يُؤْمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ

"And they resented them not except because they believed in Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy."

This is one of the Quran's most powerful statements about persecution for faith.

Context of the verse

Surah Al-Buruj begins by describing a tragic event known as the People of the Ditch (Aṣḥāb al-Ukhdūd). Verses 85:4–10 describe believers who were persecuted and burned alive because they refused to renounce their faith.

85:4: "Cursed were the companions of the trench..."

85:5–7: They sat watching as believers were thrown into the fire.

85:8: The Quran reveals the only "crime" of these believers.

85:9–10: Allah reminds readers that He has complete knowledge and ultimate authority over all things, and warns the persecutors of accountability.

What does verse 8 literally mean?

The verse says: "They had no grievance against them except that they believed in Allah." This is a striking expression. The persecutors could not point to theft, violence, or wrongdoing. The believers' only "offense" was their faith in Allah. The verse exposes the irrationality of religious persecution. It shows that sometimes people are opposed not because they have done wrong, but because their beliefs challenge existing power, prejudice, or injustice.

Historical background

Many classical commentators connect these verses with the persecution of Christians in Najran by the Jewish ruler Dhu Nuwas in the 6th century CE. According to this understanding, many believers were killed because they refused to abandon their faith.

Why is Najran associated with it? Many classical Muslim scholars and historians connected these verses with an event that took place in Najran around the early 6th century CE. According to this traditional account, the ruler Dhu Nuwas persecuted Christians in Najran, who refused to renounce their faith were killed in trenches of fire. The event later became well known in Arabian history.

 

An AI generated photo depicting sad incident where Christians were thrown into pits of burning fire - On the right are ruins of the dammed city (Wikipedia)

What does "Al-Ukhdūd" mean? The Arabic word الأُخْدُود (al-ukhdūd) literally means a trench, a ditch, or a deep groove dug into the ground. The Quran describes trenches filled with blazing fire into which believers were thrown because they refused to abandon their faith (85:4–10). Archaeological remains at the modern Al-Ukhdood site have made this association plausible, but the Quran itself does not explicitly identify the location.

It has been documented that Dhu Nuwas burned 20,000 Christians alive in a burning trench because they refused to convert to Judaism (Wikipedia)

In Surah Al-Buruj, Allah says: "Cursed were the companions of the trench." (85:4). That is when the criminal act of the ruler Dhu Nuwas went too far, the wrath of Allah fell on to them and the entire city was thrown upside down, killing those who persecuted their very own people for accepting a new faith.

Ibn Kathir explains that the disbelieving king of Yemen (Dhu Nuwas) or similar tyrannical rulers constructed massive, blazing trenches. They threw the believing men, women, and children into the fire because they refused to renounce their monotheistic faith. The verse highlights that the believers were not guilty of any crime or rebellion; their only "fault" in the eyes of the tyrants was their sincere belief in Allah.

Ibn Kathir notes that these incidents of tyrannical rulers throwing believers into trenches of fire occurred multiple times in history. Through these trials, Allah honors the steadfastness of the faithful. The ultimate lesson from this verse is that the worldly disbelievers may persecute the righteous for their faith, but Allah remains fully aware, encompasses the oppressors, and provides an eternal reward for the steadfast believers. 

By ending the verse with "Al-Aziz" (The Almighty) and "Al-Hamid" (The Praiseworthy), Ibn Kathir and other commentators emphasize a divine contrast: Al-Aziz: Allah is the Supreme and All-Mighty. Even though the believers suffered a horrific physical death in the fires, Allah possesses ultimate power over the tyrants and will exact divine justice. Al-Hamid: Allah is the One truly worthy of all praise. The believers who chose the blazing fire over abandoning their faith understood that Allah's love and pleasure are worth every earthly sacrifice. 

Why is this place significant in the Quran? The significance is not primarily geographical. Unlike places such as: Kaaba, Jerusalem, or Mecca, Al-Ukhdūd is not presented as a sacred place to visit. Instead, it symbolizes:

1. Faith under persecution The believers accepted death rather than abandoning their belief in Allah.

2. The abuse of power The persecutors sat watching while innocent people were burned. The Quran highlights not only the violence but also the cruelty and indifference of those who watched it happen.

3. Allah's justice 

• Although the oppressors seemed victorious, Allah reminds us: "Indeed, your Lord is severe in assault. Indeed, it is He who originates creation and repeats it." (85:12–13). 
• It is to be remembered that Earthly power is temporary - but Divine justice is ultimate.

4. The value of sincere belief

• Verse 85:8 says: "They had no grievance against them except that they believed in Allah."
• This means faith itself became the reason for persecution.
• The Quran honors those believers by preserving their story forever.

What should we reflect upon today?

Al-Ukhdūd represents something much larger than one historical tragedy. It reminds us that throughout history:

• Truth has often carried a cost,
• Oppression can appear powerful,
• Innocent people may suffer,
• But injustice never escapes Allah's knowledge.

It also challenges believers to ask:

• Would I remain true to my principles under pressure?
• Do I defend the rights of people who are persecuted for their beliefs?
• Do I use my own influence with justice rather than oppression?
• A profound lesson

One of the most striking features of the story is that the Quran never tells us the names of the believers. History may forget the names of the oppressed. But Allah does not.

Their identities are unknown to us, yet their sacrifice is remembered in the Quran and recited by millions around the world. This conveys a powerful message: in the Quranic worldview, what gives a person lasting honor is not fame or status, but sincerity, steadfastness, and faithfulness to Allah. Their names may have faded from history, but their example endures as a reminder that integrity before Allah is never lost, even if it is overlooked by the world.

While many people today enjoy freedom of religion, others still experience discrimination or persecution because of their beliefs. The verse reminds believers to stand against injustice and to uphold the dignity of every person's right to practice their faith.

It also speaks to more subtle forms of pressure:

• Being mocked for religious commitment,
• Feeling pressured to compromise one's ethical principles,
• Facing exclusion because of sincerely held beliefs.

Thus the above quoted verse:

• Encourages steadfastness without responding with oppression in return. At the same time, its message is not limited to Muslims. It affirms a broader moral principle: no one should be harmed simply because of their sincere religious belief.
• Reminds believers that truth is not measured by popularity or power. The persecuted believers appeared weak in the eyes of the world, yet the Quran honors them, while those who held worldly power are condemned.

For contemporary readers, Quran 85:8 is a call to remain faithful to one's principles, to reject persecution and coercion in matters of belief, and to trust that Allah's justice ultimately transcends human injustice. It encourages moral courage, compassion for those who suffer because of their convictions, and respect for the freedom of conscience that the Quran consistently upholds.

Muslims' Faith under Persecution

As of today or from the day 1 of formal invitation to Islam, we see a repetition of same events as mentioned above. Muslims from day one have been persecuted, hated and seen with indifference for following a new faith as did the people mentioned above. Since those days kings and rulers were generally unanswerable, they threw the Christians into pits of fire so that Christianity should not flourish - but it did. Likewise, Muslims are being persecuted in one form or the other and are generally sidelined, attacked and mocked even today. Instead of burning Muslims alive, copies of Al Qur'an are torched as a sign of hatred against Islam. In India, Muslims are facing the worst kind of treachery and are beaten, forced to drink urine of the cow by the Hindus. Their places of worship are attacked, even destroyed. Yet despite every move with heinous intentions against Islam, Islam continues to flourish and is now the second most accepted religion after Christianity. Many an analyst fear that by 2050, Islam may become the leading religion of the world.

This is an eye opener. Despite all hurdles, Islam is expanding everyday for it is the ultimate truth and by and by non Muslims have started to find Divine wisdom and truth and reverting to Islam.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference pages: 

• Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.
• Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects
• Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Divine Guidelines for Justice revealed to Prophet David (Dāwūd AS) - also Applicable to Men on seats of Justice today

Al Qur'an mentions many a important prophets from the history that left behind valuable imprints for the mankind. In Surah 38. Saad (The Arabic letter Saad), we come across mention of Prophets Prophet David (Dāwūd AS) and his son Prophet Solomon (Sulaiman AS). Both father and son had exceptional leadership qualities and ensured justice in their times.

Herein under we share the 26th verse from Surah Saad, in which Prophet Dāwūd AS has been asked Divinely to ensure justice. In fact this verse was revealed to him when he faultered to make a decision. Herein under we share the verse and its context which gives out the Divine guidelines for ensuring justice.

Verse: Surah Ṣād (38:26)

يَـٰدَاوُۥدُ إِنَّا جَعَلْنَـٰكَ خَلِيفَةًۭ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَٱحْكُم بَيْنَ ٱلنَّاسِ بِٱلْحَقِّ وَلَا تَتَّبِعِ ٱلْهَوَىٰ فَيُضِلَّكَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَضِلُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌۭ شَدِيدٌۢ بِمَا نَسُوا۟ يَوْمَ ٱلْحِسَابِ 

“O Dāwūd (David)! Indeed, We have made you a خليفة (vicegerent/authority) on the earth, so judge between people in truth and do not follow desire, lest it lead you astray from the path of Allah. Indeed, those who stray from the path of Allah will have a severe punishment for forgetting the Day of Account.”

Plain Explanation

The Qur’ānic comments given after the story explain the nature of the test and specify the line God wants His servant to whom He assigned judgement between people to take. It is then a case of David being given the position of vicegerent on earth, one whereby he is required to judge between people in all fairness. He is told not to follow vain desires, which means in the case of a prophet, not to be hasty in one’s first reaction. For this can easily lead to going astray from God’s path. Rather, he must make sure of all the facts before passing judgement. The concluding sentence in the verse gives a general rule that applies to all cases of going astray from God’s path. It exposes the person concerned to severe punishment on the Day of Reckoning.

One aspect of the care God took of His servant David is that He drew his attention at the first hurdle, and put him back on the right track at the first rash move, warning him of the ultimate result, when he had not even made one step towards it. Such is God’s favour that He bestows on His chosen servants. Since they are human, they may slip when they travel an uneven patch of the road, but God takes them by the hand putting them back on course and teaching them how to repent. Then He forgives them and bestows even greater favours on them.

Context of the Verse

This verse comes after the well-known incident of Prophet Dāwūd (AS) when Two disputants came to him. One complained of injustice (the “99 sheep” case) and Prophet Dāwūd (AS) gave a quick judgment.

He then realized that he should have listened more carefully - in fact it was a test from Allah. Immediately after (38:24), he sought forgiveness and repented sincerely. 

It was then the above quoted verse (38:26) was revealed. While Allah forgave him, he was given the guidance for leadership and judgment.  This by itself shows that the error that he had committed contained an clement of the desires of the flesh; it also pertained to the abuse of power and authority; and it was an act which was unworthy of a just and fair-minded ruler.

Apparent (Ẓāhir) Meaning

The verse contains four major commands:

1. “We made you a khalīfah” 
• That is he was made a person of Authority, Responsibility, and Leadership
• But Not just a king—but a representative of justice
2. “Judge between people with truth” Allah commanded him to be fair, just and balanced when taking a decision.
3. “Do not follow desire (hawā)” - The verse warns rulers and judges against allowing personal desires or worldly inclinations to corrupt their decisions, as this causes misguidance.
4. Reminder of accountability Those who deviate in fact forget the Day of Judgment when the scales of true and absolute neutral justice will be erected and none will be wronged on that day.

Deeper Meaning (Wisdom)

• Leadership is a trust (amānah): 
• Power is not privilege - It is Responsibility before Allah
• This verse serves as a crucial guideline for leadership, emphasizing that true authority is a trust that must be handled with fairness and fear of God. 
• Justice requires discipline Even a prophet, when faultered in his justice, he was corrected. Which clearly exhibits that No one is above accountability.
• The danger of “hawā” (desires)
• Desire includes Bias, Emotions, Personal interest, and Pressure.
• These distort the Truth and become hurdle in the way of Fair judgment.
• Forgetting آخِرَة leads to injustice When people at the helm of the affairs (specially of justice) forget accountability, they abuse power by Justify ظلم the tyranny.

Scholarly Insight

• Ibn Kathir emphasizes that this is a universal principle for rulers and judges. He explains this highlights the heavy responsibility of leaders to judge by truth and remember the Day of Reckoning to avoid severe punishment. 
• Al-Qurtubi notes that “Hawā” is the root cause of injustice

Similar Verses from Al Qur'an

• Surah An-Nisa (4:135): “Stand firmly for justice… even against yourselves…”
• Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:8): “Do not let hatred cause you to be unjust…”

Relevance Today

This verse is extremely relevant today where judges give biased decisions, saving and protecting the powerful elite, the affluent and the wealth - and giving false verdicts against the escape goats, normally the poor and the weak. Thus this verse is applicable to:

• Leadership & authority: 
• Applies to (1) Governments, and the officials, (2) Judges, (3) Managers, and even Parents - or for that matter Anyone with influence.
• Everyday decisions: Even in daily life conflicts, in arguments and family disputes, we are required to be fair and impartial.
• Bias in modern world Today’s “hawā” includes Tri, Tribalism, Politics, Personal benefit, and Social pressure. This leads to Distorted truth and injustice.
• Forgetting accountability 
• Today most of the people specially on those sitting on seats of justice act as if there will be no consequences of their injustice and that they will not be held accountable for the acts.
• That is why al Qur’an reminds time and again that every decision will be judged

Core Lessons

• Justice must override emotion - so Control your desires.
• Bias is dangerous -so Be just.
• Accountability is inevitable - Remember accountability: be in this world or the Hereafter.

This is advice from Allah, may He be exalted, to those who are in positions of authority. They should rule according to the truth and justice revealed from Him, they should not turn away from it and be led astray from the path of Allah. Allah has issued a stern warning of a severe punishment to those who go astray from His path and forget the Day of Resurrection. 

That is the path of true leadership in Islam

Final Reflection: This verse asks When you have power—even small—do you follow truth or your desires? Unfortunately judges today give verdicts as fed to them or give verdicts in favour of those who influence them with bribes and power of their authority. Even governments today, in the name of their national interests, harm the interests of other nations and wage war to subdue the weak nations to dominate the world. Perhaps we are not afraid of accountability specially on the Day of Judgement. Are you?

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from  Sürah 38 Ṣād - the letter ص  already published. You may also refer to our exclusive reference page: Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.

For verses on Selected Subjects, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects and our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | For detailed reading of with reference to previous verses, refer to Exegesis of Surah Sad already published

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Believers! Speak words of appropriate justice

No system or community can exist if there does not exist justice. And when people stop speaking words of appropriate justice and let the deceit and injustice prevail, then even the mightiest of empires and civilizations crumble and leave behinds sorry tales.

In Islam, justice assumes a very cardinal importance and believers have been warned at many a place in Qur'an to stand up to justice and let no one betray his fellow brethren by deceit and ill will. We share today a very small verse, yet carrying a strong message for the believers to uphold justice. The 70th verse of Surah 33 Al Ahzab, given herein under, emphasizes the high moral and ethical standards that Muslims are expected to adhere to in their daily lives. Speaking the truth and acting justly in all matters, whether personal or social, is a fundamental aspect of faith.

The verse reads:

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَقُولُوا۟ قَوْلًۭا سَدِيدًۭا 

O  believers! Be mindful of Allah, and say what is right

Explanation:

• "O you who have believed": This is a direct address to the believers (Muslims) who follow the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It is a reminder for them to be conscious of Allah's commands and to act according to His will.
• "Fear Allah" (تقوى الله): This is a reminder for Muslims to maintain taqwa (God-consciousness) and to always be mindful of Allah's presence in their lives. It encourages believers to act in a way that is pleasing to Allah and avoid actions that would incur His displeasure.
• "Speak words of appropriate justice": 
• This part of the verse is about being truthful, fair, and just in one's speech. The believers are commanded to ensure that their words are in accordance with justice and integrity. It means speaking the truth, being honest, and avoiding slander, falsehood, and unjust speech. That means speaking in a straightforward manner, with no crookedness or distortion.
• It is a call to avoid any speech that could harm others, spread injustice, or mislead people. It reminds believers of the importance of integrity and justice in communication and relationships.

Historical Context:

This verse is often understood in light of events involving various groups at the time of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), including the hypocrites in Medina who would often engage in slander and false accusations. The verse encourages believers to rise above such behavior and maintain truthfulness in their words and actions.

The verse thus directs the believers to say only what is just, true and accurate. They should make sure of what they say and its effects, before they accept what the hypocrites and spreaders of lies say, and before they pay attention to any wild accusation or evil fabrication against the Prophet, their leader and guide. It directs them to say right words leading to right action. God takes care of those who make sure of saying what is right, proper and accurate, guiding their footsteps and making their deeds sound, producing good results. God also forgives the sins of those who say what is right and do righteous deeds, for even they are not immune to slips and errors. They are all human, and by nature humans err and need God’s forgiveness.

The verse serves as an ethical guideline for Muslims to ensure that their words align with righteousness, fairness, and truth. This guidance is timeless and relevant for all believers, as the integrity of one’s speech is an important aspect of both personal character and the broader social harmony in any community.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎)  help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Please refer to our exclusive post on Selected verses from Qur'an on Justice / Rules of Islamic Law for more about Justice in Islam.

For more Selected Verses, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Tafsir References: | 1 | 2 | 

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of the Qur'ān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, references of other sources which have been explored have also been given above. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Qisas (Retribution) and Diyat (Blood Money or Compensation) - understanding two pillars of Islamic Judicial System

Man has always liked violence and killing. Right from the earliest days of human life, the killing of Abel (Habil)  by Cain (Kabil) laid the foundation of killing for the sake of women which later spread over killing for usurping someone's wealth or position. We hear accounts of savagery when kings and their followers chanted and shouted as slaves were forced to fight the king's warriors and mercilessly butchered the undefended slaves for the pleasure of the kings. With now laws, such murders went on unabated for a long time, till sense better sense prevailed and murderers were brought to justice.

Islamic judicial system also lays down various punishments and modus operandi to bring justice to the families of those who have been harmed or killed, whether intentionally or otherwise. In this connection, today we share two terms that are often used to address cases of murder and physical harm. These two terms in Arabic are known as Qisas and Diyat. 

The concepts of Qisas (retribution) and Diyat (compensation or blood money) in Islam are central to the Islamic criminal justice system, particularly regarding cases of homicide, bodily harm, and injury. These concepts are derived from the Quran and the Hadith, and represent a balance between justice, mercy, and compensation. Here's an explanation of Qisas and Diyat in light of Islamic teachings:

Qisas (Retribution)

Qisas is the principle of "equal retaliation" or just retribution. In cases of murder or intentional bodily harm, the victim (or the victim’s family) has the right to seek retribution, which means the perpetrator may face a punishment that mirrors the crime committed. The idea of Qisas is rooted in justice, ensuring that the punishment fits the crime.

• Quranic Basis for Qisas:
• Surah Al-Baqarah (2:178): “O you who have believed, prescribed for you is legal retribution (Qisas) for those murdered—the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But whoever overlooks from his brother anything, then there should be a suitable follow-up and payment to him with good conduct. This is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy. But whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment.”
• This verse establishes the rule of retribution (equal retaliation) but also encourages mercy and forgiveness, showing a balance between strict justice and leniency.
• Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:45): “And We ordained for them therein a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds is legal retribution (Qisas). But whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him. And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the wrongdoers.”
• This verse emphasizes the proportionality of punishment in the case of bodily harm and affirms that forgiveness or compensation (charity) can replace retribution, which is seen as an act of piety.
• Hadith on Qisas:
• The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "The people before you were destroyed because they used to inflict the legal punishments on the poor and forgive the rich. By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, if Fatimah (the daughter of the Prophet) did that (i.e., stole), I would cut off her hand." (Sahih Bukhari)
• This hadith reflects the principle of justice and fairness in Qisas, indicating that no one is above the law, regardless of their status.

Diyat (Blood Money or Compensation)

Diyat refers to the financial compensation paid to the victim or the victim’s family in cases of unintentional homicide or bodily injury, or as an alternative to Qisas in intentional harm cases. The purpose of Diyat is to provide a means of reconciliation and alleviate potential hostility between families while offering a fair and just compensation for the crime.

• Quranic Basis for Diyat:

Surah An-Nisa (4:92): “And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake—then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment (Diyat) presented to the deceased’s family [is required], unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer, then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty, then a compensation payment (Diyat) presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave…”

This verse establishes Diyat as the required compensation in cases of unintentional manslaughter, and it emphasizes the option for the family to forgive (as an act of charity) rather than take compensation or seek retribution.

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:178): As mentioned above, this verse not only outlines the principle of Qisas but also indicates that the victim’s family may choose to accept Diyat instead of demanding retribution, showing flexibility and a path for forgiveness.

• Hadith on Diyat:

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "The Diyat (blood money) for a man is one hundred camels." (Sahih Muslim)

This hadith sets the standard amount for Diyat in the case of intentional or accidental killing. Over time, the amount of Diyat has been translated into monetary values based on local standards.

The Balance Between Qisas and Diyat:

Islam provides a system that balances strict justice with mercy and reconciliation. Here’s how these two concepts are applied:

• Qisas (Retribution):
• In the case of intentional murder or bodily harm, the victim’s family can seek Qisas, which means the perpetrator will face a similar punishment, such as execution for murder or similar injury for physical harm. 
• This is done to establish justice and deterrence, ensuring that the crime does not go unpunished.
• Diyat (Compensation):
• As an alternative to Qisas, the victim’s family can choose to forgive the perpetrator and accept Diyat (compensation). This can be a large financial sum or another agreed form of compensation. 
• Diyat is especially applied in cases of unintentional harm, where the intention was not to kill or injure, but an accident occurred.

Forgiveness and Charity:

Islam encourages forgiveness and mercy as a higher moral virtue. In many cases, the victim’s family is encouraged to forgive the perpetrator, which can lead to expiation of sins and greater reward from Allah. This forgiveness can be done with or without Diyat, depending on the family’s decision.

• Quranic Emphasis on Forgiveness: While Qisas and Diyat provide legal structures for dealing with crime, the Quran repeatedly emphasizes the virtue of forgiveness:

Surah Ash-Shura (42:40): "And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers."

This verse highlights that although retribution is allowed, forgiveness is highly encouraged, and those who forgive are promised a great reward from Allah.

Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:45): As mentioned earlier, the Quran speaks of retribution but adds that "whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him," showing that pardoning is a means to cleanse one’s sins and earn divine favor.

• Hadith on Forgiveness: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) consistently encouraged forgiveness over retaliation:
• "He who shows no mercy to others, will not be shown mercy." (Sahih Muslim)
• "No one forgives except that Allah increases him in honor." (Sahih Muslim)

 These hadiths underline the higher spiritual reward for those who choose forgiveness over retribution.

Foregoing in view we learn that Qisas is the principle of equal retaliation or retribution in cases of murder or bodily harm. It ensures justice is served by mirroring the harm done to the victim. Diyat is the financial compensation given to the victim's family in cases of unintentional harm or when the family chooses to forgive instead of seeking retribution.

Islam promotes both justice and mercy, with forgiveness being highly encouraged, but not forced. The victim’s family has the right to decide between Qisas, Diyat, or forgiveness, depending on their circumstances and sense of justice. The system ensures fairness while allowing room for mercy, reconciliation, and spiritual growth through forgiveness. The combination of Qisas and Diyat reflects Islam's balanced approach to justice, protecting the rights of victims while encouraging mercy and social harmony.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo | references: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Beware of a Day when there will be no barter exchange of sins with worldly wealth

The wrong doers, sinner, denier of prophets and messengers of Allah and the day the justice scales to be established on the Day of the Judgement generally seem oblivious of the Divine promise of a day when justice will be established and no one shall be wronged. And on that day, such deniers of Divine Commandments will realize how grossly misled they were and how they ruled the world using their wealth and mocked the messengers sent to them for their benefit.

The 54th verse of Surah 10 Yunus (Prophet Jonah, peace be upon him) carries a stern warning fo rall wrong doers, sinners and tyrants

وَلَوۡ اَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفۡسٍ ظَلَمَتۡ مَا فِى الۡاَرۡضِ لَافۡتَدَتۡ بِهٖ​ؕ وَاَسَرُّوا النَّدَامَةَ لَمَّا رَاَوُا الۡعَذَابَ​ۚ وَقُضِىَ بَيۡنَهُمۡ بِالۡقِسۡطِ​ وَهُمۡ لَا يُظۡلَمُوۡنَ‏ 

(10:54) If a wrong-doer had all that is in the earth he would surely offer it to ransom himself. When the wrong-doers perceive the chastisement, they will feel intense remorse in their hearts. But a judgement shall be made with full justice about them. They shall not be wronged.

“And they will feel remorse”. When all of a sudden, they face the torment on the Day, which they had denied throughout their lives, and on that presumption had gone on doing wrong deeds. Not only this: they will also feel very sorry that they had denied the Messengers and brought baseless charges against them, who had warned them of it. Therefore when they witness it against all their expectations, they will find the ground slipping from under their feet and will feel utterly helpless and guilty in their minds because of the remembrance of their wrong doings and of the pricking of their conscience. In short, their condition will be that of a gambler, who turns a deaf ear to the counsel of his well wishers and stakes his all on mere speculation and goes bankrupt. But such a person has to blame none but himself only for his sad plight.

Let us further expand the meaning of the above quoted verses and its relevance for us:

• Desperation of the Wrongdoer: The verse begins by depicting how those who committed wrong (sins, disobedience to Allah, injustice to others) will, on the Day of Judgment, realize the enormity of their sins. If they possessed everything on earth—wealth, power, or any material resources—they would try to offer it as a ransom to escape the punishment. However, nothing in this world will be sufficient to save them once they face Allah's judgment.
• Intense Regret and Remorse: When the wrongdoers finally witness the reality of the punishment awaiting them, they will experience intense regret (Arabic: أسروا النَّدامة), which they will internalize. This remorse comes from their realization that they wasted their opportunities in life by rejecting the truth and committing sins. At this point, their regret will be of no benefit because the time for repentance and doing good deeds has passed.
• Judgment with Full Justice: Despite their remorse, justice will be served. The verse emphasizes that Allah will judge the wrongdoers with absolute fairness. The judgment will be based on their deeds, and no one will be treated unfairly. Allah is All-Knowing and Just, so everyone will be recompensed precisely according to what they deserve.
• No Injustice Will Be Done: The verse closes by reassuring that “they will not be wronged” (وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ). This highlights Allah's perfect justice—no one will be treated unfairly, and no soul will bear the burden of another. Each person will face the consequences of their own actions.

Broader Themes and Lessons from the Verse

• The Futility of Material Wealth: The verse shows that, in the Hereafter, all the wealth and material possessions of this world will be meaningless. The wrongdoer’s attempt to offer the entire world in exchange for freedom from punishment reflects the futility of materialism when facing Allah's judgment. Only righteous deeds, faith, and submission to Allah will matter on that day.
• The Importance of Repentance and Good Deeds: This verse serves as a warning to act now while there is still time. Wrongdoers will wish they had acted righteously, but once the Day of Judgment comes, regret will no longer benefit them. This underscores the importance of repentance (tawbah) and performing good deeds while alive.
• Divine Justice: The verse also emphasizes that Allah’s judgment will be completely just. No one will be punished unjustly or more than what they deserve. Similarly, no one will be deprived of any good they have done. Every deed, whether good or bad, will be accounted for.

Supporting Hadith

The idea of regret in the Hereafter and the futility of material possessions is echoed in several hadiths:

• Hadith on Regret in the Hereafter: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

"The people of Hell will be made to feel remorse and regret, and they will say, 'Send us back so we can do good deeds, not the evil that we used to do.' But it will be said to them: 'No, it is just a word that they say, and in front of them is a barrier until the Day they are resurrected.'" (Surah Al-Mu’minun, 23:99-100; Sahih Muslim)

This hadith mirrors the concept of intense regret felt by the wrongdoers, as described in the verse. After death, the chance for redemption is lost, and all they can do is regret the missed opportunities to do good.

• Hadith on the Value of Righteous Deeds: The Prophet (peace be upon him) warned about focusing too much on the material world and neglecting one’s obligations to Allah. He said:

“Take advantage of five before five: your youth before your old age, your health before your sickness, your wealth before your poverty, your free time before your preoccupation, and your life before your death.” (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 2417)

This hadith encourages believers to use their wealth, health, and time wisely for the sake of good deeds, as these are fleeting and will not be available after death.

Broader Implications in Today’s World

• Avoiding Materialism: In today’s world, people often pursue wealth and status at the expense of their spiritual well-being. This verse serves as a reminder that material possessions cannot save a person in the Hereafter. What truly matters are good deeds and faith in Allah.
• Being Mindful of Justice: The verse also reinforces the concept of justice. In a world where injustice is often prevalent, it reminds us that Allah’s justice is absolute and that all wrongdoers will be held accountable. Therefore, believers should strive to uphold justice in their own lives and actions.
• Urgency of Good Deeds: The message of the verse is to take advantage of the time given in this life to perform good deeds, repent for mistakes, and follow Allah’s commands. Procrastination in matters of faith and good deeds can lead to regret when it is too late.

In the light of explanation above, Surah Yunus, verse 54, offers a stark reminder of the Day of Judgment and the regret that wrongdoers will feel when they face Allah’s punishment. Their desperate attempts to ransom themselves with the wealth of the world will be in vain, as the time for repentance and good deeds will have passed. The verse emphasizes the futility of materialism in the Hereafter and highlights the need for repentance and righteous actions in this life. Furthermore, it reassures that Allah's judgment is perfectly just, and no one will be wronged in the least.

Remember, the above quoted verse takes us deep into the time when people are made to account for their deeds and their fate is determined. But such a ransom will not be accepted, even should it be offered. But before the verse is concluded, we see that what was supposed has come to pass and the whole matter is done and finished with. It has all come as a great surprise which leaves them powerless. The image here is one of gloomy faces, full of sadness, their lips unable to utter a word. 

Time is now to shun any thoughts of being superior to others and harming the weak and meek for self interests and thinking that since we have been blessed so much, we are among the blessed and we will continue to be placed at a higher pedestal even on the Day of Judgement. Or being satisfied that even if we were to be penalized on that day, we could barter trade our sins with what we owned in the world and get a free ticket to Heavens. Beware of such foolish thoughts for justice of Allah cannot be bought with money but with good deeds and by living a worldly life as prescribed for us in Qur'an.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎)  help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may like to read more posts on similar theme in our series of posts related to: Ref Page: Divine Court Rules

For more Selected Verses, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Tafsir References: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of the Qur'ān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, references of other sources which have been explored have also been given above. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

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