A small verse that is Spinal Cord of Al Qur’an

Mankind was created by the Lord of the worlds as a test case to see who among the lot has steered one's life to the Divine path and pledges that alone the Lord of the world is to be worshiped and to Him alone we seek help. This pledge has been drilled deep in the hearts of true believers who have an unflinching faith in one true God, we Muslims call Allah.

Today, we share a small verses from the very first Surah (Chapter) of Al Qur'an: Surah al-Fātiḥah. This verse sits in the center of the Surah and is considered as the Spinal Cord of Al Qur'an for just this small verses embodies in itself the entire meaning of Al Qur'an. Let us share the verse and then present its an in-depth analysis:

The Verse:

إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ

“You alone do we worship, and You alone do we turn for help.”

This verse is the spinal cord of the Qur’an. Everything before it prepares for it, and everything after it flows from it.

Ibn Kathir describes that the first part is a declaration of innocence from Shirk (polytheism), while the second negates having any power or strength, displaying the recognition that all affairs are controlled by Allah alone. This meaning is reiterated in various instances in the Qur'an. 

For instance, Allah said, (So worship Him (O Muhammad ) and put your trust in Him. And your Lord is not unaware of what you (people) do.) (11:123)

((He alone is) the Lord of the east and the west; La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He). So take Him alone as Wakil (Disposer of your affairs)), (73:9) 

And that this verse as the declaration of ultimate tawhid (oneness of God). It signifies worshipping Allah alone, free from Shirk, while relying solely on Him for aid in all matters. This verse represents the core of Islamic belief, balancing submission with seeking Divine help.

Position in Surah al-Fātiḥah: Why this verse is central

Surah al-Fātiḥah has 7 verses, and 1:5 stands exactly in the middle. Herein under is the breakdown of the seven verses of the Surah:

• Verses 1–4: Who Allah is (Lord, Merciful, Master of the Day of Judgment)
• Verse 5 denotes our response to that knowledge expressed in verses 1-4
• Verses 6–7 Having acknowledged that Allah is and that Allah alone is to be worshiped and is the only source of help for the mankind, verses 6-7 carry our request for guidance and salvation.

The entire Surah sums up our faith resting on correct knowledge of Allah that leads us to worship and depend on Him alone.

Linguistic depth of the verse 5

•  “Iyyāka” (إِيَّاكَ)
• Arabic places “You alone” before the verb for emphasis.
• Normal order: We worship You
• Qur’anic order: You alone we worship
• "You...'', means, we worship You alone and none else, and rely on You alone and none else. This is the perfect form of obedience and the entire religion is implied by these two ideas. Some of the Salaf said, Al-Fatihah is the secret of the Qur'an, while these words are the secret of Al-Fatihah
• Implication: (1) No worship of anyone else—explicit or subtle, (2) No divided loyalty, and (3) No hidden dependence
• “Naʿbudu” (نعبد): 
• The meaning of worship: ʿIbādah in Islam is not ritual alone. It includes: (1) Love, (2) Fear. (3) Hope, (4) Obedience, (5) Submission, and (6) Moral surrender
• Qur’anic echo: “I did not create jinn and mankind except that they worship Me.” (51:56)
• The term ibadah is used in three sense: (i) worship and adoration; (ii) obedience and submission; and (iii) service and subjection. In this particular context the term carries all these meanings simultaneously. In other words, we say to God that we worship and adore Him, that we are obedient to Him and follow His will, and also that we are His servants. Moreover man is so bound to none save God, that none but He, may be the subject of man's worship and total devotion, of man's unreserved obedience, of man's absolute subjection and servitude.
• “Nastaʿīn” (نستعين): The meaning of seeking help. Seeking help here is ultimate reliance, not denial of means.
• Not only do we worship God, but our relationship with Him is such that we turn to Him alone for help and succour. We know that He is the Lord of the whole universe and that He alone is the Master of all blessings and benefactions. Hence, in seeking the fulfilment of our needs we turn to Him alone. It is towards Him alone that we stretch forth our hands when we pray and supplicate. It is in Him that we repose our trust. It is therefore to Him alone that we address our request for true guidance.
• Qur’anic support: “And rely upon Allah if you are believers.” (5:23)

Why worship comes before help

• This order is deliberate. Because Worship is related to purpose, while Help is support for fulfilling purpose
• That is We do not worship Allah because He helps us; but because He helps us because we worship Him.
• This purifies intentions and prevents transactional faith.

Why Plural form is used (“We worship… we seek help”)

We should mention that in this Ayah, the type of speech here changes from the third person to direct speech by using the Kaf in the statement Iyyaka (You). This is because after the servant praised and thanked Allah, he stands before Him, addressing Him directly.

Another viewpoint: The implication of using We instead I is for a reason:

• Islam is communal, not individualistic
• You never stand alone before Allah
• Unity in worship creates moral solidarity
• Even in private prayer, you speak as part of an ummah.

Theological foundation: Tawḥīd

This verse combines two core forms of Tawḥīd:

• Tawḥīd al-Ulūhiyyah: You alone we worship
• Tawḥīd al-Rubūbiyyah: You alone we seek for help
• Together they negate: (1) Shirk in belief, (2) Shirk in practice, and (3) Shirk in reliance.

Connection to guidance (verses 6)

• اِهۡدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الۡمُسۡتَقِيۡمَۙ‏ (1:6) Direct us on to the Straight Way
• Only after declaring: Exclusive worship and Exclusive reliance, that we ask: “Guide us to the straight path.”
• That is Guidance is not given to divided hearts.

In summary, Surah 1:5 is a covenant of exclusive devotion and total dependence—declaring that life’s purpose is worship, and life’s strength comes only from Allah.

This verse expresses another fundamental principle that follows logically from the preceding ones. It is also a decisive and crucial principle that draws a line between the freedom man gains in submitting to God and the abuse and debasement implicit in man’s servitude to man. Once man has submitted himself to God and sought help and guidance from Him alone, he has achieved total liberation from the tyranny of all religious, intellectual, moral and political powers.

May Allah guide our hearts to worship Him without any prejudice and depend upon Him for any help or assistance, rather than banking on the worldly gods, which unfortunately many Muslims do.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference page: Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.

For verses on Selected Subjects, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects and our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. 

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo Credit: Zaffar Bhatti Artist | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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A Parable in Al Qur’an depicting Tug of War between Shirk and Tawḥīd

The tug of war between the evil and the good continues since time immemorial. The Satanic forces are always trying to pull man from going toward good or the righteous path. But despite all its force and strength, the evil is bound to fall for there is no replacement of the truth.

At many a places in Qur'an, the last of the four Divine scriptures,  man has been cautioned not to follow the footsteps of the evil and any deviatory tactics of the Satan and continue to follow the path shown by none other than the sole Lord of the world, who is free from any associates and relations. The push and pull between the shirk and the Tawhid has been mentioned many a times in Al Qur'an - of one of these we share today which is mentioned as a parable in the 29th verse of Surah 39 Az Zumar

ضَرَبَ اللّٰهُ مَثَلًا رَّجُلًا فِيۡهِ شُرَكَآءُ مُتَشٰكِسُوۡنَ وَرَجُلًا سَلَمًا لِّرَجُلٍ ؕ هَلۡ يَسۡتَوِيٰنِ مَثَلًا ​ؕ اَلۡحَمۡدُ لِلّٰهِ ​ ۚ بَلۡ اَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُوۡنَ‏ 

(39:29) Allah propounds a parable: there is a man whose ownership is shared by several quarrelsome masters, each pulling him to himself; and there is another who is exclusively owned by one man. Can the two be alike? All praise and thanks be to Allah. But most of them are unaware.

This verse is a powerful parable (mathal) that explains tawḥīd (oneness of Allah) in the clearest human terms. It appeals not to theology alone, but to common sense and lived experience.

Context within Surah Az-Zumar

The essence of Surah Az-Zumar is Pure devotion (ikhlāṣ) and Rejection of shirk (associating partners with Allah) In fact the Surah clarifies the belief in One True God intellectually since “Most of them do not believe in Allah except while associating others with Him.” (39:38). Thus verse 39:29 explains why shirk is irrational and oppressive.

The Parable Explained

A detailed explanation of this parable by one of the leading Muslim scholar and exegete can be read from our post: Surah Az Zumar - The Companies: Exegesis / Tafsir of 39th Chapter of the Holy Qur'an

Herein under, we explain each segment of the verse in brief for ease of understanding.

• “A man owned by several quarrelling masters…”
• Imagine the plight of man who worships many gods, thus following conflicting ideologies and trying to please different authorities. When there so many pulls over a man, he is bound to live restlessly under contradictory commands.
• Such a situation and orientation is bound to result in utter confusion, anxiety, constant tension of pleasing whom or whom not, and living a destabilized life.
• This is the psychological state of shirk.
• “And another man owned wholly by one master…”
• This the true believer devoted to Allah alone which means one clear authority, ne moral compass and one ultimate purpose.
• Such an approach and faith leads clarity, inner peace, well defined direction and harmonized approach to life.
• This is the psychological and spiritual state of Tawḥīd.
• “Are they equal in comparison?”
• This is a rhetorical question, and the answer is obvious for no rational person would say they are equal.
• The Qur’an argues Tawḥīd through reason, not compulsion.
• With the clear direction and one Master to turn to, man finds peace of mind and heart and is sure to be blessed for One True God never abandons those who trust and worship Him.

Explanation of the parable by Ibn Kathir

The 14th century Muslim scholar and exegete of Al Qur'an interprets this verse as a powerful analogy demonstrating the logical absurdity of polytheism and the inherent superiority and rationality of pure monotheism (Tawhid). The Key Points of Ibn Kathir on interpretation of the parable are as under:

• Unequal Comparison: The verse emphasizes that these two individuals are not equal; the idolater, bound by conflicting loyalties, cannot be compared to the focused, unified believer.
• Universal Truth: The parable serves as a clear, rational proof (hujjah) for the Oneness of Allah (Tawhid) and the falsehood of polytheism, a truth accessible to human reason.
• Human Ignorance: Despite the obviousness of this comparison, "most of them do not know" (bl) means most people remain heedless and fail to understand this fundamental distinction, leading them to associate partners with Allah.
• Allah's Proof: The verse concludes with "Praise be to Allah!" (Alhamdulillah) for establishing such a clear proof against those who commit shirk (polytheism). 

Why this parable is so effective

The parable points towards clarity rather than confusion - responsibility rather than indecisiveness to please who. This parable, thus:

• Speaks to human experience: For everyone understands the Workplace conflicts, Conflicting bosses, and Multiple pressures.  Through the concept of Tawhid, Allah uses everyday logic to explain faith.
• Exposes shirk as oppression:
• For Shirk is not just a “belief error” — it is: Mental slavery, Emotional exhaustion, Moral chaos
• Whereas Tawḥīd is: Liberation from multiple masters, Stability in approach, and Dignity in worshipping One True God without any associates.

* Read more about Shirk and Tawhid from our reference pages:

• Understanding Shirk - Grave sin of Associating Partners with Allah (Reference Page)
• One of the most comprehensive verses of the Quran on doctrine of Tawhid

Connection with other Qur’anic verses

Herein under are some supporting verses from AL Qur'an based on the same theme of the parable mentioned above:

• 12:39: “Are many lords better, or Allah, the One, the Overwhelming?”
• 21:22: “Had there been gods besides Allah, the heavens and the earth would have been corrupted.”
• 16:75: Allah sets forth a parable: There is one who is a slave and is owned by another and has no power over anything; and there is one whom We have granted good provision Ourselves, of which he spends both secretly and openly. Can they be equal? All praise be to Allah. But most of them do not even know (this simple fact)

All verses mentioned above reinforce the same rational argument.

Practical relevance today

This verse applies beyond idol worship:

• Modern “masters” include: Wealth, Status, Ideology, People’s approval, Ego, and Social pressures. Thus Serving many “masters” leads to: Stress, Burnout, Identity crisis, 
• Serving One Lord leads to: Inner peace, Moral clarity and directed approach tom life and clarity of Purpose.

Why the verse ends with praise of Allah (“All praise is for Allah, but most of them do not know.”)

It is because: The truth is clear, The argument is simple and that Rejection comes from ignorance or arrogance, not lack of evidence

In nutshell, Surah 39:29 teaches that worshipping many authorities leads to confusion and bondage, while devotion to one Lord brings clarity, peace, and true freedom. Let us then steer our lives and set our course clear to one well defined path as shown to us by Al Qur'an. Let no diversionary forces force us to deviate from the true enlightened path that lead us to realizing that there is no god but God and to Him we will return one day. If we make our choice well, we will be among the most blessed on the Dya of Judgement, In Sha Allah.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may refer to more Selected Verses from Sürah 39. Az-Zumar (The Throngs) already published. You may also refer to our exclusive reference page: Understanding Tawḥīd in Islam - The Oneness of God to understand the concept in detail.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference page: Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.

For verses on Selected Subjects, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects and our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Google | ChatGPT

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More

A verse from Al Qur’an that Reinforces Tawhid (Absolute Oneness of God) and breaks reliance on idols

Understanding some of the verses of Al Qur'an can dispel many misconceptions that reside in the minds of Muslims who still cling to beliefs that are tangent to the teachings of Islam.  These verses are also meant to remove the misunderstanding of the polytheists, who believed that from among the servants of Allah, someone gave them the provision, someone the children and someone health to their patients. All these superstitions of shirk are baseless, and the pure truth is just that whatever of mercy reaches the people, reaches to them only through Allah Almighty’s bounty and grace. No one else has the power either to bestow it or to withhold it. This theme has been expressed at many places in the Quran and the Ahadith in different ways so that man may avoid the humiliation of begging at every door and at every shrine and may realize that making or marring of his destiny is in the power of One Allah alone and of none else.

To reinforce our premise, we share the second verse from Surah Fatir, the 35 Surah / Chapter of Al Qur'an, given herein under, reflecting on its core meaning and its application to every living being and to ponder over:

The Verse 2 — Surah Fāṭir (35:2):

مَا يَفْتَحِ ٱللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِن رَّحْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا ۖ وَمَا يُمْسِكْ فَلَا مُرْسِلَ لَهُۥ مِنۢ بَعْدِهِۦۚ وَهُوَ ٱلْعَزِيزُ ٱلْحَكِيمُ

“Whatever mercy Allah opens up for people, none can withhold it; and whatever He withholds, none can release after Him. And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.”

What is Tawhid

Before we explain this verse, let us understand what is Tawhid.

Tawhid means the absolute oneness of God (Allah) and is the most fundamental concept in Islam, asserting that there is only one God who is unique and has no partners. This belief in monotheism is the core of the Islamic faith, signifying that God is the sole creator and sustainer of the universe and that all worship should be directed to Him alone. 

Tawhid teaches us:

• Oneness of being: Allah is uniquely one in His being, not composed of parts.
• Oneness of attributes: Allah's divine attributes, such as knowledge, hearing, and power, are unique and not shared with anyone.
• Oneness of actions: Allah has no partner or helper in His divine actions, such as creation and control of the universe.
• Pillar of faith: Tawheed is the first and most important pillar of Islam and is essential for a person to be considered a Muslim.
• Avoidance of Shirk: The practical application of Tawheed involves avoiding Shirk (associating partners with God), which is considered the greatest sin in Islam. This includes avoiding both major forms of shirk (like worshipping idols) and minor forms (like showing off in worship). 

That is Tawhid means belief in absolute Oneness of Allah and avoidance of Shirk in all its forms.

What the Verse Means

Let us now see how this verse can be explained to find its relevance to belief in One True God and rejection of Idolism:

• All good comes only from Allah
• Here the Mercy of Allah has been explained which comes to us in many shades despite our arrogant rejection of the Divine Mercy. 
• The Mercy here includes: Rizq (sustenance), Health, Guidance, Protection, Success, Peace, Opportunities, Good relationships. Hope, Relief and of course Barakah.
• That is if Allah decides to give you something, no creation can stop it.
• No one can give what Allah withholds
• No boss, no doctor, no government, no powerful person can deliver what has not been written for you.
• This removes: Fear of people, fear of loss, and attachment to worldly sources.
• Allah gives and withholds with perfect wisdom
• The verse ends with two major attributes of Allah: (1) Al-‘Azīz — The All-Powerful, and (2) Al-Ḥakīm — The All-Wise
• The mention of these two powerful attributes of Allah means: (1) His power is perfect, (2) His decisions are wise, (3) His timing is flawless and that (4) Nothing is random.

How to Reflect on This Verse

If one reflects deeply on Who Allah is and what are His limitless powers and mercy, one would start to understand the wisdom behind this verse. Here is just a cue to the immense wisdom this verse carries:

• Trust Allah more, worry less
• When something is meant for you, it will come: a job, marriage, provision, healing, and an opportunity.
• Your heart finds peace knowing that Allah never misses you.
• Stop fearing people: People cannot harm or benefit you except by Allah’s permission. with this form belief, our hearts become free from anxiety and stress.
• Let go of envy: If Allah gave someone something, He opened a door of mercy for them. We uct have faith in the fact that our turn will come if it is good for us.
• Accept the wisdom behind delays: Sometimes Allah withholds to: protect, purify, strengthen, redirect and elevate our rank. Delays are not denials — they are wisdom.
• Strengthen your du‘ā: This verse teaches that ALL mercy is in Allah’s hand, so du‘ā becomes: sincere, hopeful and confident. Our du‘ā is asking the One who controls all outcomes.
• Be grateful for the blessings you already have - Health, family, safety, food, knowledge — these are “doors of mercy” Allah has opened for you.
• Be patient in hardships - Hardship is also mercy if it: brings you closer to Allah, increases your tawakkul, wipes away sins, and reshapes your character. Allah’s withholding is not cruelty — it is mercy in disguise.

Relevance to Our Modern Life

Unless we shape our lives that hinge on unflinching faith and trust in Allah, we can never understand the Divine wisdom of mercy, delays and denials. Remember:

• When job hunting → Allah opens doors no résumé can open.
• When worried about money → rizq is from Allah, not the employer.
• When relationship breaks → Allah withholds for your future good.
• When dealing with illness → healing is a mercy only He grants.
• When feeling anxious → control belongs to Allah, not circumstances.
• When facing injustice → Allah’s power overrides all oppressors.

This, this verse removes crippling fear, anxiety, resentment, and stress and replaces the heart with: trust, patience, contentment, and inner peace. Surah Fāṭir 35:2 teaches that everything you hope for or fear is entirely in Allah’s hands — so attach your heart to Him alone. No idols or saints or priests can help us to our wishes fulfilled, for it is only the Divine Wisdom that decides who to give, when and how much or hold something for someone to test the strength of one's faith. Let us never fail this test.

You may refer to Summary and Selected verses of Sürah (35) Fāṭir “The Originator / The Creator” for more Selected Verses already published. For more scholarly explanation of this verse, click on link |3| given below.

You may also refer to our exclusive reference page: Selected verses from selected Surahs of Al-Qurʾān for compiled verses from other surahs.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

For more Selected Subjects, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects and our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. .

You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Reference: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

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Understanding Islam: Responsibility of Man towards His Actions vs Doctrine of Substitutionary Atonement

The Doctrine of Substitutionary Atonement is an important pillar of Christianity like the doctrine of Trinity. Substitutionary atonement, also called vicarious atonement, is the idea that Jesus died "for us." There is also a less technical use of the term "substitution" in discussion about atonement when it is used in "the sense that [Jesus, through his death,] did for us that which we can never do for ourselves". According to Collins English Dictionary, it is used to describe the redemption through Jesus' death and resurrection, to reconcile the world to himself, and also of the state of a person having been reconciled to God. [2]

As explained in Wikipedia, a distinction has to be made between substitutionary atonement (Christ suffers for us), and penal substitution (Christ punished instead of us), which is a subset or particular type of substitutionary atonement. Care should be taken when one reads the language of substitution in, for example, patristic literature, not to assume any particular substitution model is being used but should, rather, check the context to see how the author was using the language.

In simple words, the doctrine hinges on the fact that all Christians are absolved of their sins since Prophet Eesa (Jesus, peace be upon him) took over the responsibility of all the sins of Christians, thus absolving them of their sins and errors. It also means that a god died to absolve its people of the sins, for as per Trinity, Prophet Jesus is part of the Three Gods.

The details of this doctrine can be read in the Wikipedia [2]. However, Islam has a different view altogether about the responsibility of towards his actions, specially the sins. Not only that, the concept of a god dying is completely alien to teachings of Islam. In fact Muslims believes here is only One True God without any associates who is always presents before the begging and will be here forever even when this worldly empires come to an end. And it will be Only He and none else Who would decide who to reward, who to forgive and who to punish.  We have already written a detailed post on the Doctrine of Tawhid / Oneness of Allah in a separate post, which may be consulted for details.

Talking specifically about the sins and the authority which can forgive the sins of man, please read the following verse from Surah 17. Al-Isra [verse 15], wherein the Divine commandant reads: 

"Whoever is guided is only guided for [the benefit of] his soul. And whoever errs only errs against it. And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. And never would We punish until We sent a messenger."

This is to impress that if a person adopts the right way, he does not do any favor to God or His Messenger or a reformer but he himself gets its benefits. On the other hand, if a person deviates from the right way, he can do no harm to God or His Messenger or a reformer, for they desire only to protect men from wrong ways and guide him on to the right way, and not for any selfish ends. Therefore, the right course for a wise man is to adopt the righteous way when it becomes distinct to him what is truth and what is falsehood. On the other hand, if he rejects truth because of his prejudices and self interest, he will be his own enemy and not a well wisher.

The Quran has laid great stress on the doctrine of personal responsibility at several places, for one cannot follow the right way scrupulously without understanding fully its implication. It means that, everyone is solely responsible for his moral conduct and is accountable to God as an individual in his own person and no other person can share the burden of responsibility with him. As an instance, we take the case of a particular action or a particular way of conduct in which a generation or a community of a large number of people had collaborated. When the people will assemble before Allah on the Day of Judgment, their collective action will be analyzed so as to lay the burden of its responsibility on each and every person who had been conducive to it, and rewarded or punished in accordance with it. Neither will a person be punished for the part another had played in its performance nor shall the burden of the sin of one individual be laid on the shoulders of another. This doctrine has been emphasized over and over again so that a wise man should not act in imitation of another or justify his own conduct by similar deeds of others. If a particular person feels the sense of his own responsibility, he will act in such a way as to come out successful on the Day of Judgment, regardless of what the others do.

This is another doctrine which has been impressed on the minds by the Quran in different ways. This is to emphasize the basic importance that a Messenger has in the dispensation of divine justice because this is determined in the light of the message brought by him. This will be employed as an argument in favor of or against the concerned people. Otherwise the infliction of punishment on the people would be unjust for in that case they could argue that they should not be punished as the knowledge of the righteous way had not been conveyed to them. But after the message had been conveyed to a particular people, and they had rejected it, there would be left no excuse for them.

It is an irony that instead of accepting the message some people are misled by reading verses like this and they ask such absurd questions: What will be the position of those, who might not have received the message of any Prophet? The wise course for such persons would have been to ask themselves what their own position will be on the Day of Judgment, because they themselves had received the message. As regards to other people, Allah knows best who has received the message, and when, how and to what extent and what attitude a certain person adopted towards it. In short, Allah alone is aware of whether a particular person received the message in such a way as to fulfill the required condition for punishment. 

The doctrine of personal responsibility is insisted on, and the basis of ethics is shown to be our own good or evil as furthering or obstructing our highest development. The doctrine of Substitutionary Atonement or the Vicarious Atonement is condemned. Salvation for the wicked cannot be attained by the punishment of the innocent. One man cannot bear the burden of another: that would be unjust. Every man must bear his own personal responsibility. But Allah never visits His wrath on anyone until due warning is conveyed to him through an accredited messenger.

A similar theme is projected in Surah 6. Al-An'am, verse 164:

قُلۡ اَغَيۡرَ اللّٰهِ اَبۡغِىۡ رَبًّا وَّهُوَ رَبُّ كُلِّ شَىۡءٍ​ ؕ وَلَا تَكۡسِبُ كُلُّ نَـفۡسٍ اِلَّا عَلَيۡهَا​ۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِّزۡرَ اُخۡرٰى​ۚ ثُمَّ اِلٰى رَبِّكُمۡ مَّرۡجِعُكُمۡ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمۡ بِمَا كُنۡـتُمۡ فِيۡهِ تَخۡتَلِفُوۡنَ‏  

"Say: 'Shall I seek someone other than Allah as Lord when He is the Lord of everything?' Everyone will bear the consequence of what he does, and no one shall bear the burden of another. Thereafter, your return will be to your Lord, whereupon He will let you know what you disagreed about."

Since God is the Lord of the entire universe, how could anyone be His lord?  Or how can someone else, no matter how holy or revered he may be, could be equated with One True God (as the concept of Trinity in Christianity equates the son and the holy ghost with Father). Since the entire universe is yoked to obedience to God, man is an integral part of the universe, how can he reasonably, look for another lord in that area of his life in which he uses his own volition,ind judgement? Is it appropriate for him to move in diametrical opposition to the entire universe?

There we Muslims believe that every person is responsible for whatever he does; and no one is responsible for the deeds of others. And that is what he will be accounted for his sins, errors, and the grave sin of shirk, the act of associating others at par with One True Allah.

Please refer to our exclusive reference page: Understanding Tawḥīd in Islam - The Oneness of God to understand the concept in detail.

For more Selected Verses, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Page on Understanding Islam: Frequently asked Q&A.

Photo | References: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

You may also refer to our following sites for knowing more about Islam and Quran:

• 114 Chapters (Sūrahs) of the Holy Qur'an" for translation, meaning and summary / exegesis of all Sūrahs / chapters of the Quran
• 99 Attributes of Allah" for complete list of 99 attributes of Allah Almighty with meaning and explanation.
• Understanding Islam - Frequently Asked Q&A for knowing more about Islam.
• Islam and Life of Muslims in Non Muslim Countries

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook

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Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, Twitter, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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One of the most comprehensive verses of the Quran on doctrine of Tawhid

Tawḥīd is the basic essence of Islam. It means "oneness of God."  Tawḥīd  in fact is the indivisible oneness concept of monotheism in Islam. Tawhid is the Islam's central and single-most important concept, upon which a true believer's entire faith rests. It unequivocally holds that God is One (Al-ʾAḥad) and The Manifestation of Unity (Al-Wāḥid).

There are many verses in the Qur'an that explicitly hinge on the concept of Tawḥīd. But one of the most comprehensive verses of the Quran with regard to the doctrine of Tawhid is the second verse of Sūrah Al-Furqān, the 25th Chapter of the Holy Qur'an:

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ 

"In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful"

اۨلَّذِىۡ لَهٗ مُلۡكُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَالۡاَرۡضِ وَلَمۡ يَتَّخِذۡ وَلَدًا وَّلَمۡ يَكُنۡ لَّهٗ شَرِيۡكٌ فِى الۡمُلۡكِ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَىۡءٍ فَقَدَّرَهٗ تَقۡدِيۡرًا‏

"He to whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and who has not taken a son and has not had a partner in dominion and has created each thing and determined it with [precise] determination."

“To Him belongs the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth.” That is, He alone has an exclusive right to it, and no one else has any right to it nor any share in it.

That is, He has neither any relation of direct parenthood to anyone, nor has He taken anyone as a son. Therefore, none else in the universe is entitled to worship. He is Unique and there can be no partner in His Godhead. Thus all those who associate with Him angels or jinns or saints as His offspring, are ignorant. Likewise, those who believe that someone is His son, are also ignorant. They have no true conception of the Greatness of Allah and consider Him to be weak and needy like human beings, who require someone to become their inheritor. It is sheer ignorance and folly. 

The Arabic word mulk means Sovereignty, Supreme Authority, and Kingship. Thus the sentence will mean: Allah is the Absolute Ruler of the whole universe and there is none other who may have any right to authority; therefore He alone is God. For, whenever a man takes anything else as his lord, he does so under the presumption that his deity has the power to do good or bring harm and make or mar his fortune; nobody will like to worship a powerless deity. Now when it is recognized that none but Allah has the real power and authority in the universe, nobody will bow before anyone other than Him in worship, nor will sing anybody else’s hymns, nor commit the folly of bowing in worship before anything else except his real God, or recognize any other as his ruler, because “To Allah belongs the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and to Him alone.”

There may be other translations of this also: He has ordained it in due proportion; or He has appointed an exact measure for everything. But no translation can convey its real meaning, which is: Allah has not only created everything in the universe but also determined its shape, size, potentialities, characteristics, term of existence, the limitations and extent of its development and all other things concerning it. Then, He has created the means and provisions to enable it to function properly in its own separate sphere.

According to traditions, the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself taught this verse to every child of his family as soon as it was able to speak and utter a few words. Thus, this verse is the best means of impressing the doctrine of Tawhid on our minds, and every Muslim should use it for educating his children as soon as they develop understanding.

Javed Ahmad Ghamidi Explanation:

( He for Whom is the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth; ) The implication is that no one should think that this Book is a request from a requester. It is the royal decree of the king of the universe that has to be obeyed. If it is denied no one will be able to save people from God’s grasp. 

( He has not made any children for Himself.) Those who have ascribed sons and daughters to God necessarily claim that they will save them from God’s grasp. This a refutation of this false claim.

( No one shares His sovereignty. He has created everything and prescribed a due measure for it.) Stated here is the argument for the oneness of God: when He has created everything and it is He Who has prescribed bounds and limits for the form, body, power, potential, traits and attributes, rise and development and existence and downfall, then how can someone else share His divinity? Is it possible for anyone to even slightly increase or decrease the measure in which God has created a thing?

Tafsir Ibn-Kathir: 

(He to Whom belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Who has begotten no son and for Whom there is no partner in the dominion.) Allah states that He is above having any offspring or partner.

Then He tells us: (He has created everything, and has measured it exactly according to its due measurements.) meaning, everything apart from Him is created and subject to Him. He is the Creator, Lord, Master and God of all things, and everything is subject to His dominion, control and power.

Qur'an Wiki:

The One who revealed to His Messenger this standard is “He to whom belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth, and who begets no offspring, and has no partner in His dominion. It is He who has created all things and ordained them in due proportions.”

Once more God is not mentioned here by name, but a relative pronoun is used instead to emphasize certain suitable attributes of His: “He to whom belongs the dominion over the heavens and the earth.” He has absolute dominion over the heavens and the earth: a dominion that signifies ownership, control and ability to change and transform.

“Who begets no offspring.” Procreation is one of the natural laws God has set in operation to ensure the continuity of life, but God is Eternal and able to accomplish His purpose, whatever that may be.

He “has no partner in His dominion.” Everything in the heavens and the earth testifies to the unity of design, nature, law and control.

“It is He who has created all things and ordained them in due proportions.” He determines the size, shape, function, time and place of everything as well as all their interactions and harmonization.

The nature of the universe, its make up and constitution fill us with wonder. It makes nonsense of any suggestion that the universe came into being by chance. It demonstrates the meticulous and detailed proportioning of creation, which human knowledge can hardly manage to fathom even in one area of the vast universe. With every scientific progress made, more aspects of the harmony and balance in the universe and its natural laws are discovered. Consequently, we can better appreciate the meaning of this wonderful statement: “It is He who has created all things and ordained them in due proportions.”

Day by day, human knowledge uncovers more and more of the elaborate system that gives every creature their measure, proportion and balance. With such increased knowledge we appreciate even better the significance of the Qur’ānic statement: “It is He who has created all things and ordained them in due proportions.”

Please refer to our exclusive reference page: Understanding Tawḥīd in Islam - The Oneness of God to understand the concept in detail.

For more Selected Verses, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Pages for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

References: | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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