Justice is the hallmark of any society and unless just and fair justice prevails, there would be chaos and usurping the rights of the weak and the poor. We always admire those judges who are fair and impartial in their decisions and it is they who are remembered. That is talking of just a society . But when it comes the the managing the affairs of the whole world, thee has to be am extreme degree of fairness and equity for if it is not there, the entire social system of the world would collapse.
It is none other than Allāh, the Al-Muqsiṭ " ٱلْمُقْسِطُ " - The Equitable, The Requiter, The Just, who maintains that fairness and balanced justice. Although, the attribute Al-Muqsiṭ does not appear as such in he Qur'an, it has been derided from many verse like the one herein under form Surah 3. Al-i'Imran , verse 18:
شَهِدَ اللّٰهُ اَنَّهٗ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَۙ وَالۡمَلٰٓـئِكَةُ وَاُولُوا الۡعِلۡمِ قَآئِمًا ۢ بِالۡقِسۡطِؕ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ الۡعَزِيۡزُ الۡحَكِيۡمُؕ
Allah [Himself] proffers evidence - and [so do] the angels and all who are endowed with knowledge - that there is no deity save Him, the Upholder of Equity: there is no deity save Him, the Almighty, the Truly Wise.
Here in this verse, there is a testimony of the angels, based on their own observations, is that the Will of God alone reigns supreme in the universe, and they turn to Him alone in the governance of the heavens and the earth. Moreover, all creatures possessing knowledge of reality have testified, unanimously, that no one except the One True God reigns and rules over the universe, and that He reins the universe with balanced justice for everyone.
That is it is Allāh, the Al-Muqsiṭ, Who deals with everyone according to a system. He rescues the oppressed and imparts justice so that they cannot be oppressed anymore. Glory to Him, Who has said,"... and if you judge, then judge between them with equity; surely Allah loves those who judge equitably" (Qur’an, 5:42).
This attribute is from the root q-s-t which in classical Arabic means: (1) to act justly, equitably, (2) to do away with injustice, (3) to establish an equitable balance.
Meanings of variations of this Attribute's root word is qist, equity or fairness, are as follows: qasata means implemented justice; qasata means became inequitable or unfair; qasit is an unfair or inequitable person, an oppressor; muqsit is one who is fair in his judgment or decision, and qist means share, lot, or portion of something. Qasitoon is plural: they are those who deviate from justice and about whom the Almighty says, "As to the deviators, they are the fuel of hell" (Qur’an, 72:15).
Qist means the implementing of justice by taking what one unlawfully has acquired and giving it back to its lawful owner. Iqsat means that one is given his own lawful share which someone else has unlawfully taken [forcefully or otherwise]; it is also called insaf, carrying out equity. Qasata means someone became inequitable, and aqsata means that he became fair and just. [3]
In verse 42, Surah Surah 5. Al-Maida, the upholding of justice has been stressed by Allah and that He loves who are just:
سَمّٰعُوۡنَ لِلۡكَذِبِ اَ كّٰلُوۡنَ لِلسُّحۡتِؕ فَاِنۡ جَآءُوۡكَ فَاحۡكُمۡ بَيۡنَهُمۡ اَوۡ اَعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ ۚ وَاِنۡ تُعۡرِضۡ عَنۡهُمۡ فَلَنۡ يَّضُرُّوۡكَ شَيۡـئًـا ؕ وَاِنۡ حَكَمۡتَ فَاحۡكُمۡ بَيۡنَهُمۡ بِالۡقِسۡطِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ يُحِبُّ الۡمُقۡسِطِيۡنَ
They are listeners of falsehood and greedy devourers of unlawful earnings.69 If they come to you you may either judge between them or turn away from them. And were you to turn away from them they shall not be able to harm you; and were you to judge between them judge with justice. Surely Allah loves the just.
In the verse above is the pointed reference made to judges and jurisconsults who accept false evidence and invent reports in order to issue verdicts contrary to justice and in favour of either those who bribe them or with whom their illegitimate interests lie.
Thus we see it is the justice which has been stressed even when own kith and kin may be at fault. For Allah, the Al-Muqsit Himself is fair and equitable in all His decisions and decrees, Who deals with everyone according to a system. He ensures a balanced approach to deal with the mankind and His administration of the universe. There are people who argue that if He is just then why there are disharmony in the world? Why one place gets more rain and keep the lands futile, while many other places turn barren and into deserts as these are deprived of even a droplet of rain. For them the simple answer is that this is Allah's way of keeping a balance to test those in hardships whether they still remain steadfast or the ones who have His bounties. Many thriving empires faded away when they did injustices and witnesses lied for a few pennies. But at the same time, many small dwellers rose to power for they remained steadfast and did not transgress.
Alhamdolillah " الحمد لله ", with this post, the entire series of posts on 99 Attributes of Allah stands completed today. May Allah help us to seek guidance rom His many attributes and to emulate these qualities while dealing with others. For example, if Allah ensures a balanced justice and commands His prophets and servants to uphold justice, we should too be fair in our dealings and let not any man grieves by our unjust behavior. We should specially be watchful for our dealings with respect to the rights of the orphans and if made their guardians must ensure that all that had been left by their fathers are given back to them. Tis also goes without saying that our leaders should respect the public money and resources and not squander these away for personal growth, lust and for opposing their opponents.
You may refer to our post "99 Attributes of Allāh" for complete list of 99 attributes of Allah Almighty with meaning and explanation.
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