Qisas (Retribution) and Diyat (Blood Money or Compensation) - understanding two pillars of Islamic Judicial System

Man has always liked violence and killing. Right from the earliest days of human life, the killing of Abel (Habil)  by Cain (Kabil) laid the foundation of killing for the sake of women which later spread over killing for usurping someone's wealth or position. We hear accounts of savagery when kings and their followers chanted and shouted as slaves were forced to fight the king's warriors and mercilessly butchered the undefended slaves for the pleasure of the kings. With now laws, such murders went on unabated for a long time, till sense better sense prevailed and murderers were brought to justice.

Islamic judicial system also lays down various punishments and modus operandi to bring justice to the families of those who have been harmed or killed, whether intentionally or otherwise. In this connection, today we share two terms that are often used to address cases of murder and physical harm. These two terms in Arabic are known as Qisas and Diyat. 

The concepts of Qisas (retribution) and Diyat (compensation or blood money) in Islam are central to the Islamic criminal justice system, particularly regarding cases of homicide, bodily harm, and injury. These concepts are derived from the Quran and the Hadith, and represent a balance between justice, mercy, and compensation. Here's an explanation of Qisas and Diyat in light of Islamic teachings:

Qisas (Retribution)

Qisas is the principle of "equal retaliation" or just retribution. In cases of murder or intentional bodily harm, the victim (or the victim’s family) has the right to seek retribution, which means the perpetrator may face a punishment that mirrors the crime committed. The idea of Qisas is rooted in justice, ensuring that the punishment fits the crime.

• Quranic Basis for Qisas:
• Surah Al-Baqarah (2:178): “O you who have believed, prescribed for you is legal retribution (Qisas) for those murdered—the free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But whoever overlooks from his brother anything, then there should be a suitable follow-up and payment to him with good conduct. This is an alleviation from your Lord and a mercy. But whoever transgresses after that will have a painful punishment.”
• This verse establishes the rule of retribution (equal retaliation) but also encourages mercy and forgiveness, showing a balance between strict justice and leniency.
• Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:45): “And We ordained for them therein a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a nose for a nose, an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and for wounds is legal retribution (Qisas). But whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him. And whoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed - then it is those who are the wrongdoers.”
• This verse emphasizes the proportionality of punishment in the case of bodily harm and affirms that forgiveness or compensation (charity) can replace retribution, which is seen as an act of piety.
• Hadith on Qisas:
• The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "The people before you were destroyed because they used to inflict the legal punishments on the poor and forgive the rich. By Him in Whose Hand my soul is, if Fatimah (the daughter of the Prophet) did that (i.e., stole), I would cut off her hand." (Sahih Bukhari)
• This hadith reflects the principle of justice and fairness in Qisas, indicating that no one is above the law, regardless of their status.

Diyat (Blood Money or Compensation)

Diyat refers to the financial compensation paid to the victim or the victim’s family in cases of unintentional homicide or bodily injury, or as an alternative to Qisas in intentional harm cases. The purpose of Diyat is to provide a means of reconciliation and alleviate potential hostility between families while offering a fair and just compensation for the crime.

• Quranic Basis for Diyat:

Surah An-Nisa (4:92): “And never is it for a believer to kill a believer except by mistake. And whoever kills a believer by mistake—then the freeing of a believing slave and a compensation payment (Diyat) presented to the deceased’s family [is required], unless they give [up their right as] charity. But if the deceased was from a people at war with you and he was a believer, then [only] the freeing of a believing slave; and if he was from a people with whom you have a treaty, then a compensation payment (Diyat) presented to his family and the freeing of a believing slave…”

This verse establishes Diyat as the required compensation in cases of unintentional manslaughter, and it emphasizes the option for the family to forgive (as an act of charity) rather than take compensation or seek retribution.

Surah Al-Baqarah (2:178): As mentioned above, this verse not only outlines the principle of Qisas but also indicates that the victim’s family may choose to accept Diyat instead of demanding retribution, showing flexibility and a path for forgiveness.

• Hadith on Diyat:

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, "The Diyat (blood money) for a man is one hundred camels." (Sahih Muslim)

This hadith sets the standard amount for Diyat in the case of intentional or accidental killing. Over time, the amount of Diyat has been translated into monetary values based on local standards.

The Balance Between Qisas and Diyat:

Islam provides a system that balances strict justice with mercy and reconciliation. Here’s how these two concepts are applied:

• Qisas (Retribution):
• In the case of intentional murder or bodily harm, the victim’s family can seek Qisas, which means the perpetrator will face a similar punishment, such as execution for murder or similar injury for physical harm. 
• This is done to establish justice and deterrence, ensuring that the crime does not go unpunished.
• Diyat (Compensation):
• As an alternative to Qisas, the victim’s family can choose to forgive the perpetrator and accept Diyat (compensation). This can be a large financial sum or another agreed form of compensation. 
• Diyat is especially applied in cases of unintentional harm, where the intention was not to kill or injure, but an accident occurred.

Forgiveness and Charity:

Islam encourages forgiveness and mercy as a higher moral virtue. In many cases, the victim’s family is encouraged to forgive the perpetrator, which can lead to expiation of sins and greater reward from Allah. This forgiveness can be done with or without Diyat, depending on the family’s decision.

• Quranic Emphasis on Forgiveness: While Qisas and Diyat provide legal structures for dealing with crime, the Quran repeatedly emphasizes the virtue of forgiveness:

Surah Ash-Shura (42:40): "And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers."

This verse highlights that although retribution is allowed, forgiveness is highly encouraged, and those who forgive are promised a great reward from Allah.

Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:45): As mentioned earlier, the Quran speaks of retribution but adds that "whoever gives [up his right as] charity, it is an expiation for him," showing that pardoning is a means to cleanse one’s sins and earn divine favor.

• Hadith on Forgiveness: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) consistently encouraged forgiveness over retaliation:
• "He who shows no mercy to others, will not be shown mercy." (Sahih Muslim)
• "No one forgives except that Allah increases him in honor." (Sahih Muslim)

 These hadiths underline the higher spiritual reward for those who choose forgiveness over retribution.

Foregoing in view we learn that Qisas is the principle of equal retaliation or retribution in cases of murder or bodily harm. It ensures justice is served by mirroring the harm done to the victim. Diyat is the financial compensation given to the victim's family in cases of unintentional harm or when the family chooses to forgive instead of seeking retribution.

Islam promotes both justice and mercy, with forgiveness being highly encouraged, but not forced. The victim’s family has the right to decide between Qisas, Diyat, or forgiveness, depending on their circumstances and sense of justice. The system ensures fairness while allowing room for mercy, reconciliation, and spiritual growth through forgiveness. The combination of Qisas and Diyat reflects Islam's balanced approach to justice, protecting the rights of victims while encouraging mercy and social harmony.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo | references: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

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Lessons from Surah 49 Al Hujaraat (The Private Apartments) - The Surah of Manners

Every Surah / Chapter of Qur'an is based on a particular theme for the guidance of believers or even anyone including non Muslims reading Qur'an. These themes provide an insight to Divine Guidance and how to live in a society as per dictates of our Creator, Allah All Mighty.

Today we share the lessons we learn from Surah 45 AL Hujarat (The Private Chambers). This Surah contains instructions, manners and etiquettes to live a complete, clean and humble life in utter humility. That is why this Surah is also known as the Surah of Manners for it provides profound guidance on ethical behavior, social conduct, and interpersonal relations, particularly among Muslims. It emphasizes the importance of maintaining social harmony, treating others with respect, and fostering unity within the Muslim community.

Before we list down the lessons, let us understand what does the word Hujarat mean:

The word "Hujurat" (الحجرات) in Surah Al-Hujurat literally means "the rooms" or "chambers." It refers to the private rooms or apartments of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his wives. These chambers were part of the Prophet's mosque in Madinah, where his family lived.

The title of the surah, Al-Hujurat, is derived from verse 4, where the term "hujurat" is mentioned: "Indeed, those who call you, [O Muhammad], from behind the chambers (hujurat) - most of them do not use reason." (Qur'an 49:4)

This surah thus beside giving out some extremely useful lessons for our social life, it also mentions why this surah was revealed. In the pre-Islamic period, the coarse and rugged Bedouins of Arabia followed no etiquettes, specially when visiting someone's home. They would even barge into someone's house without seeking permission or would keep calling the name of the master of the house till he came out. The same happened to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as well. Therefore through this surah etiquettes of visiting the house of the Prophet ﷺ have been given out in the initial verses.

Hereinunder are key lessons we can learn from Surah Al-Hujurat:

* Note: We have given these lessons in jist form. For detailed exegesis of the surah, please read our earlier post: Surah Al Hujuraat الۡحُجُرٰتِ  (The Private Apartments): Exegesis of 49th chapter of Qur'an

Respect for Authority and the Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him)

Verses 1-5 teach Muslims to approach matters involving Allah and His Messenger with utmost respect and care. They should not act impulsively or raise their voices above the Prophet’s voice, demonstrating reverence for the Prophet's authority.

Lesson: Respect for leadership and religious authority is crucial. Today, we can apply this to respecting scholars and leaders who guide us in religious matters.

"O you who have believed, do not put [yourselves] before Allah and His Messenger but fear Allah. Indeed, Allah is Hearing and Knowing." (49:1)

Respecting Privacy

As mentioned in the premise above, etiquettes are taught how to visit the house of a Prophet of Allah or anyone, as mentioned in the following two verses:

(49:4) Surely most of those who call out to you, (O Prophet), from behind the apartments, are devoid of understanding.

(49:5) If they were patient until you went out to them, that would have been better for them. Allah is Most Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Verify Information Before Acting

Verse 6 warns against blindly accepting information from unreliable sources. It stresses the importance of verifying news to prevent harm and misjudgment.

Lesson: In today’s world of fast communication and social media, this verse reminds us to avoid spreading rumors or misinformation. Always verify facts before reacting or passing judgment.

"O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information, investigate, lest you harm a people out of ignorance and become, over what you have done, regretful." (49:6)

Promoting Reconciliation and Peace

Verses 9-10 emphasize the importance of resolving disputes and conflicts within the Muslim community. Believers should act as mediators and strive for peace and reconciliation.

Lesson: Muslims are encouraged to act as peacemakers, ensuring that disputes among fellow Muslims are resolved in a just and peaceful manner, and not to allow divisions to fester.

"The believers are but brothers, so make settlement between your brothers. And fear Allah that you may receive mercy." (49:10)

Avoid Mockery, Defamation, and Slander

Verse 11 prohibits mocking or ridiculing others, as well as using offensive names or labels. It also cautions against defaming others, which destroys trust and respect within the community.

Lesson: We should treat others with dignity and refrain from insulting, mocking, or making fun of anyone, regardless of their social or ethnic background.

"O you who have believed, let not a people ridicule [another] people; perhaps they may be better than them..." (49:11)

Avoid Suspicion, Spying, and Backbiting

Verse 12 strongly discourages believers from being suspicious of others, engaging in spying, or gossiping and backbiting, which are all destructive behaviors in relationships.

Lesson: These actions harm the social fabric and lead to mistrust and hatred. In daily life, we should avoid these negative habits and instead focus on building trust and respect.

"O you who have believed, avoid much [negative] assumption. Indeed, some assumption is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other..." (49:12)

Human Equality and the Dangers of Racism

Verse 13 is one of the most powerful statements on human equality in the Qur'an. It asserts that all people are equal regardless of race, ethnicity, or social status. The only measure of superiority is one's righteousness and piety (taqwa).

Lesson: This verse speaks against racism and tribalism. In the eyes of Allah, everyone is equal, and the only criterion that distinguishes people is their consciousness of Allah and good deeds.

"O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes that you may know one another. Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted." (49:13)

True Faith Requires Obedience to Allah

Verses 14-18 clarify that faith (iman) is more than just words; it requires sincere belief and action. True believers follow Allah’s commands and live according to His guidance, not merely claim to have faith.

Lesson: Claiming to be a believer is not enough; actions and sincerity matter. True faith manifests in behavior, such as fulfilling religious obligations and adhering to Islamic morals.

"The Bedouins say, 'We have believed.' Say, 'You have not [yet] believed; but say [instead], 'We have submitted,' for faith has not yet entered your hearts." (49:14)

Surah Al-Hujurat provides timeless guidance on how to cultivate an ethical and harmonious society based on mutual respect, equality, and social justice. Its teachings are applicable in everyday life, urging believers to be conscious of their behavior toward others, foster unity, and maintain the integrity of their faith through sincere actions.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎)  help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

You may also refer to our reference pages: Understanding Al Qur'an  and Reference Pages for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | 

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of the Qur'ān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, references of other sources which have been explored have also been given above. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Who is a Dignified Poor “مسكين “and why should he be helped (Hadith Prophet Muhammad ﷺ)

The socio-economic system of Islam is one of the best of all the Divine religions for it ensures provision of means of sustenance to even the most poor and the wretched. Tthe concept of Zakat, the obligatory charity,  which is also one of the five pillars of Islam, ensures sharing the surplus beyond a prescribed limit and depositing it into the Bait al Mall, the state treasury. And it is from here that the state helps out the poor by dolling out monthly stipends.

Besides Zakat, it is the voluntary charity / Sadaqah that adds and supports the Zakat for one knows precisely who is poor in one's neighbourhood and helped directly. Here the concept of Dignified Poor “مسكين “ emerges, the rightful recipients of alms / charity and Sadaqah. So who are these special class of poor? Prophet Muhammad ﷺ explains. 

This Hadith is mentioned in Sahi al-Bukhārī  (Book 24  Obligatory Charity Tax (Zakat) / كتاب الزكاة / Chapter 53:  The Statement of Allah 'Azza wa Jall: "... They do not beg people persistently. ..." (2:273) And who may be considered to have enough to be content and abstain from begging" / باب قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {لاَ يَسْأَلُونَ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا} وَكَمِ الْغِنَى) as Hadith 7150, given herein under:

Narrated Abu Huraira:

The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The poor person is not the one who asks a morsel or two (of meals) from the others, but the poor is the one who has nothing and is ashamed to beg from others."

Arabic Text:

حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مِنْهَالٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ لَيْسَ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي تَرُدُّهُ الأُكْلَةُ وَالأُكْلَتَانِ، وَلَكِنِ الْمِسْكِينُ الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ غِنًى وَيَسْتَحْيِي أَوْ لاَ يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ إِلْحَافًا ‏"‏‏.‏

This hadith highlights that poverty is not simply defined by visible begging or asking for help. Instead, true poverty refers to the one who has little to nothing, but due to their dignity and self-respect, they are too ashamed to ask for help.

Explanation of the Hadith with Reference to the Qur’an

Several Qur'anic verses emphasize the importance of understanding the deeper reality of poverty and the obligations toward those who may not ask for help but are in need. Here are key references from the Qur’an that complement the teaching of this hadith:

• Surah Al-Baqarah (2:273) – The Dignified Poor
• Allah says in the Qur’an: “[Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted for the cause of Allah, unable to move about in the land. An ignorant [person] would think them self-sufficient because of their restraint, but you will know them by their [characteristic] sign. They do not ask people persistently. And whatever you spend of good – indeed, Allah knows of it.” (2:273)
• This verse closely aligns with the hadith. It describes a group of poor people who, despite their dire need, do not openly ask for help. Their poverty may not be visible to everyone because of their self-restraint and dignity, but they are indeed deserving of charity. This highlights the importance of being aware of those in need who may not ask.
• Surah Ad-Duha (93:9-10) – Do Not Repel the Needy
• In Surah Ad-Duha, Allah commands: “So as for the orphan, do not oppress [him]. And as for the petitioner, do not repel [him].” (93:9-10) 
• Although these verses advise not to turn away those who ask for help, they also imply the broader Islamic principle of kindness to those in need, whether they ask or not. The hadith complements this by reminding us that not everyone in need will ask, and we should look beyond those who are vocal about their needs.
• Surah Al-Ma’arij (70:24-25) – Charity for the Deprived
• Allah also says: “And those in whose wealth is a recognized right for the beggar and the deprived.” (70:24-25) 
• In this verse, Allah describes the righteous as those who have allocated a portion of their wealth for those who ask (beggars) and those who are deprived but may not ask for help. This supports the hadith's idea that there are poor people who do not openly seek assistance, yet they are still in need. A believer is encouraged to identify and support these individuals.
• Surah Al-Insan (76:8-9) – Giving Without Expectation
• Allah praises those who give to the poor, even without being asked: “And they give food, in spite of love for it, to the needy, the orphan, and the captive, [saying], 'We feed you only for the countenance of Allah. We wish not from you reward or gratitude.'” (76:8-9) 
• This verse emphasizes that righteous people give without expecting anything in return, and they give proactively to the needy. This includes those who may not have the courage to ask. The hadith reflects this principle by defining the "true" poor as those who may not openly request help but are still deserving of assistance.

Differentiation between a Beggar and a Dignified Poor

In the light of the above hadith and references from Qur'an, we can clearly draw a line between a beggar and a dignified poor. A beggar is a professional whose job is to beg. I have myself seen beggars counting money running into thousands, yet they they are there next morning again begging for money. In fact the money in their pockets or sacks full of it back in their rag tag abode is no use to them. It is just their habit to beg.

On the contrary, the dignified poor, the miskeens, even though have nothing in their pocket, will never beg for charity. They may be thankful to Allah even if a piece of morsel goes down in their stomach, and yet never complain, for they know they are being tested of their faith to its extreme limits and would try as much as they can to pass through.

In essence, this hadith and the corresponding Qur’anic verses remind us that poverty isn’t just about visible need or asking for help. True poverty may be hidden, and it is the duty of believers to seek out and assist those who are too dignified to beg, ensuring that their needs are met despite their silence.

So let us be watchful for the Dignified Poor, who may be living next door and yet have never begged for charity or food. Remember, there is a hadith attributed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ as mentioned by Ibn 'Abbas informed Ibn az-Zubayr, "I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'He is not a believer who goes to sleep with his stomach is filled while his neighbor goes hungry.'" This hadith points towards the dignified poor we should be mindful of and need our help, even a piece of date.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

For Hadiths on the subject, please refer to our reference page: Collection of Hadiths attributed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ about Sadaqah صدقة  / Voluntary Charity

For more hadiths on varying subjects, refer to our reference page: Sunnah and Hadith of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ to know more about Hadiths and Sunnah of Prophet of Allah. You may also refer to our Reference Pages for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Source of Hadith | Help taken from ChatGPT for expanding meaning of the Hadith

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references as given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Who will be the lucky ones for whom the Paradise will be brought closer

Many a non Muslims often comment on the Divine wrath and object that "Allah of Islam" breeds violence and is heartless to the good and the kind. But if they ever try to read Qur'an they should be surprised that Allah is full of mercy and ever forgiver of the sins of all those who return to Him repenting and begging Him for His mercy and forgiveness. And Allah on umpteen number of times promises that He would forgive their sins provided they repent in absolute sincerity. But those stubborn and ungrateful who do not repent their sins due to their sheer arrogance, shall surely see the Divine wrath and will be thrown into the Hell.

We have already shared a number of posts on this very theme and shared the attributes of the lucky believers who will shown the way into the Paradise. Today we share yet another verse from Qur'an, the 32nd verse of Surah 50. Qaf (The letter Qaf) which mentions two types of people for whom the Paradise will be brought closer.

The 32nd verse is in fact continuation for the verse 31 which says:

وَاُزۡلِفَتِ الۡجَـنَّةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِيۡنَ غَيۡرَ بَعِيۡدٍ‏ 

And when Paradise shall be brought close to the God-fearing, and will no longer be far away,

That is, as soon as the judgment will be passed about a person from the court of Allah that he is righteous and worthy of Paradise, he will immediately find Paradise in front of him. He will not have to travel a distance on foot or by a conveyance to reach to it. There will be no interval between the pronouncement of the judgment and his entry into the Paradise. From this it can be judged how different the concept of space and time is between this world and the Hereafter. The concept of space and time that we are familiar in this world will become meaningless there.

And then the mention is made of the two types of believers for whom this promise is being made:

هٰذَا مَا تُوۡعَدُوۡنَ لِكُلِّ اَوَّابٍ حَفِيۡظٍ​ۚ‏ 

(50:32) it will be said: “This is what you were promised, a promise made to everyone who turned much (to Allah) and was keeper [of His covenant],

The word Awwāb أَوَّاب is very extensive in meaning. It implies the person who might have adopted the way of obedience and Allah's goodwill instead of the way of disobedience and the flesh, who gives up everything that is disapproved by Allah and adopts everything that is approved by him, who gets alarmed as soon as he swerves a little from the path of worship and obedience and repents and returns to the path of worship and obedience, who remembers Allah much and turns to Him in all matters of life. 

The word Hafeez حَفِيۡظٍ​ۚ‏ means the "one who guards. " This implies the person who takes care of the bounds and duties enjoined by Allah, who guards the trusts imposed by Allah and avoids the things forbidden by him, who keeps watch over his time, energies and activities to see that none of these is being misemployed or misused, who offers repentance, remains steadfast and keeps it. strong and intact, who examines himself over and over again to see that he is not disobeying his Lord anywhere in word or deed. [1]

Honour is shown with every word and move. Paradise is brought near so that they do not trouble themselves about going to it. The bliss of being accepted by God is extended to them there: "This is what you have been promised; this is for everyone who used to turn to God and to keep Him in mind, who used to stand in awe of the Lord of Grace although He is beyond the reach of human perception, and who comes before  Him with a heart full of devotion." It is those who are on high that state their qualities. Thus they realize that this is how they appear in God's records. Then they are admitted to heaven, in peace, a place from which they will not be turned out: "Enter paradise in peace; this is the day when everlasting life begins." An announcement is made on high, noting their position and making it clear that their share with God is unlimited: "There they shall have all that they desire, and We have even more for them." Whatever they may wish for will remain less than what is prepared for them. Since more' is given by their Lord, it must be limitless. [2]

This verse emphasizes the importance of two key qualities that lead to the reward of Paradise:

• Repentance and devotion (Awwab): Those who continuously seek Allah’s forgiveness, recognizing their mistakes and returning to Him again again.
• Guarding Allah’s commands (Hafeez): Those who preserve their faith, guard themselves from sins, and maintain their religious obligations with sincerity.

Reference to Hadith:

The concept of repentance and keeping one’s duties to Allah is supported by numerous Hadiths that highlight the virtues of both.

• Hadith on Repentance (Awwab): The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

"All the sons of Adam are sinners, but the best of sinners are those who repent." (Tirmidhi)

This hadith complements the concept of being an Awwab — someone who repeatedly returns to Allah through repentance. It shows that no matter how often a believer sins, the act of returning to Allah through sincere repentance is highly valued in Islam.

• Hadith on Guarding Obligations (Hafeez): The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:

"Guard the commandments of Allah, and He will guard you. Safeguard His rights, and you will find Him with you." (Tirmidhi)

This hadith reflects the concept of being a Hafeez, where a believer is conscious of their duties toward Allah, safeguarding the obligations such as prayer, fasting, and other commandments.

Deeper Insights:

"This is what you were promised" refers to the promise of Paradise, which Allah guarantees to those who meet the criteria of being an Awwab and a Hafeez. These qualities of repentance and safeguarding one's duties show that Islam places a great emphasis on continuous effort and sincerity, rather than perfection. It's about constantly turning back to Allah and striving to guard one's faith.

Surah Qaf, verse 32, thus, emphasizes the qualities of repentance and protecting one’s religious obligations as key factors in attaining Paradise. The supporting Hadiths reinforce the idea that while all humans make mistakes, what truly matters is the continual return to Allah and commitment to safeguarding His commands. Those who embody these characteristics are promised the ultimate reward of Paradise.

If we start acting on all such promises made by Allah at various places in Qur'an, we can cleanse ourselves of all sins and ensure adherence to covenant made to Allah and be rest assured of promise of Allah of bringing Paradise close to us, In sha Allah.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎)  help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

For more Selected Verses, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. You may also refer to our Reference Pages  and Understanding Al Qur'an for knowing more about Islam and Qur'ān.

Photo | Tafsir References: | 1 | 2 | 

An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of the Qur'ān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.  

In addition, references of other sources which have been explored have also been given above. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.

Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors.  If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

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Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on social media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Qur'ān - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

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Immense significance of Reading and Understanding of Qur'an

To be knowledgeable and grasp the theme and message an author conveys through his book is the total some the art of reading. One can achieve nothing if reading a book a book has not added to one's prior knowledge and vocabulary.

Reading, thus, helps expand vocabulary and knowledge and improving the communication abilities, much needed to gain someone's trust, enter into a useful and meaningful discussion backed by one's knowledge so gained by reading books on diverse subjects. Laced with good knowledge and vocabulary on a particular subject, one gains confidence and earn a respectable place of standing.

 

To understand the content, one has to be an active reader. Active reading engages the brain and forces it to answer questions and make connections - which facilitates understanding. Active reading means taking notes on the facts.

We therefore spend much time in reading our text books and professional books and even engage some learned friend, a mentor or a scholar to understand the intricate themes and subject matter. If reading and understanding of our text books so important to us, then why do we relegate Qur'an, laced with Divine wisdom, to mere reading, rather hurrying it attend to our text or business books. Even we spend more time in reading fiction, enjoying the verbosity of the writers and fancying things to add to our leisure.

But reading Qur'an is sufficient? Books of famous thinkers (in any language) may be read by many but, in reality, are understood by very few, then what to say of the Qur’an whose author is Allah, possessing infinite knowledge and wisdom? We have millions of Muslims around the world who have memorized the Qur'an, even when Arabic is not their mother tongue. But do they have also understood the Divine wisdom contained in Qur'an?

With this premise in background, let us try to understand the significance of reading and understanding of Qur'an. Reading and understanding the Qur'an is of immense significance in Islam. It is not only the Divine scripture for us Muslims but also a comprehensive guide for leading a life aligned with the will of Allah. even many a non Muslims are finding it very useful to read and understand Qur'an, some even taking years trying to find answers to their misfed queries and finally embracing Islam.

Let us carryout an in-depth explanation of its importance:

Direct Revelation from Allah

• The Qur'an is the literal word of Allah, revealed to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) through the angel Jibril (Gabriel). It is considered the ultimate source of guidance for all humanity, containing timeless wisdom for personal, social, and spiritual life.
• Surah Al-Baqarah (2:2) says: "This is the Book about which there is no doubt, a guidance for those conscious of Allah."
• Understanding the Qur'an is essential to grasp the direct words and commands of Allah, and to apply them in one’s life.

Source of Guidance and Wisdom

• The Qur'an provides guidance on every aspect of life, including matters of faith, ethics, laws, relationships, and social justice. It addresses both the worldly life and the Hereafter.
• Surah Al-Isra (17:9) states: "Indeed, this Qur'an guides to that which is most suitable and gives good tidings to the believers who do righteous deeds that they will have a great reward."
• By understanding the Qur'an, one gains insight into Allah’s wisdom and finds clarity on how to live in a way that pleases Him.

Increased Connection with Allah

• The Qur'an is a means of building a closer relationship with Allah. Reading and reflecting on its verses helps Muslims strengthen their faith (iman) and consciousness of Allah (taqwa).
• Surah Al-Anfal (8:2) mentions: "The believers are only those who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts become fearful, and when His verses are recited to them, it increases them in faith; and upon their Lord they rely."
• Understanding the Qur'an deepens one's spiritual awareness and connection to Allah.

Guidance for the Hereafter

• The Qur'an teaches the reality of life, death, the Day of Judgment, and the Hereafter. It provides essential guidance on how to live a righteous life that leads to eternal success.
• Surah Al-Mulk (67:2) mentions: "He who created death and life to test you [as to] which of you is best in deed."
• Understanding these realities shapes one’s worldview, leading to actions that align with Allah’s guidance, ensuring success in both this world and the next.

Protection from Misguidance

• The Qur'an is a shield against misguidance and error. By reading and comprehending its messages, a believer is equipped to distinguish between truth and falsehood.
• Surah Al-Furqan (25:1) calls the Qur'an the "Criterion": "Blessed is He who sent down the Criterion upon His Servant that he may be a warner to the worlds."
• A deep understanding of the Qur'an helps protect against confusion, cultural distortions, and ideological deviations.

Moral and Ethical Framework

• The Qur'an provides a moral framework that emphasizes justice, compassion, honesty, and kindness. By understanding its verses, believers are guided to act with integrity and uphold Islamic ethical values.
• Surah Al-Hujurat (49:13) emphasizes equality and righteousness: "Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah is the most righteous of you."
• The Qur'an guides a person to live a life rooted in justice and righteousness.

Source of Peace and Tranquility

• Reading and understanding the Qur'an brings immense peace to the heart. It provides solutions to life's challenges and assures believers of Allah's mercy and assistance.
• Surah Ar-Ra'd (13:28) says: "Verily, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest."
• Reflecting on the Qur'an's meanings provides comfort in times of difficulty and helps one navigate through trials with patience and faith.

Fulfillment of the Obligation of Knowledge

• Seeking knowledge is a fundamental duty in Islam. Understanding the Qur'an is part of fulfilling this obligation, as it is the primary source of Islamic knowledge.
• The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim." (Sunan Ibn Majah)
• Gaining knowledge of the Qur'an ensures that a believer has the tools necessary to live a meaningful, purposeful life in accordance with Allah’s commands.

The Emphasis of reading and Understanding Qur'an by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

The Qur'an was the central focus of the Prophet Muhammad’s life and mission. He not only recited it but also explained and demonstrated its meanings through his actions and sayings (Hadith).

Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her), the revered wife of  Prophet Muhammad ﷺ has been quoted as saying that Character of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was the Qur'an. 

Prophet Muhammad ﷺ placed great emphasis on reading, understanding, and reflecting on the Qur'an. As the final messenger of Allah and the one to whom the Qur'an was revealed, the Prophet set a personal example for his followers in how they should approach and engage with the divine message. His teachings, actions, and statements highlight the importance of not only reciting the Qur'an but also comprehending its meanings and applying them in daily life. 

Here are some ways in which the Prophet emphasized the significance of reading and understanding the Qur'an:

• Earning Rewards from Allah: 
• Reciting the Qur'an carries immense spiritual reward. 
• The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever recites a letter from the Book of Allah, he will receive one good deed as ten good deeds like it. I do not say that ‘Alif-Lam-Meem’ is a letter, but Alif is a letter, Lam is a letter, and Meem is a letter." (Tirmidhi)
• While reciting the Qur'an is virtuous, understanding it brings greater rewards because it allows the reader to implement its teachings in daily life.
• Encouragement to Read the Qur'an Regularly
• The Prophet strongly encouraged Muslims to regularly recite the Qur'an and make it a central part of their lives. He often spoke about the spiritual rewards of reciting the Qur'an and how it strengthens one’s connection to Allah.
• Hadith on Rewards of Recitation: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever recites a letter from the Book of Allah, he will receive one good deed as ten good deeds like it. I do not say that ‘Alif-Lam-Meem’ is a letter, but Alif is a letter, Lam is a letter, and Meem is a letter.” (Tirmidhi)
• This hadith highlights the immense rewards of even a single letter of Qur'an recitation, showing the Prophet's emphasis on its recitation.
• Understanding and Reflecting on the Qur'an
• The Prophet didn’t just stress reciting the Qur'an; he encouraged Muslims to reflect on its meanings and understand its guidance.
• Hadith on Reflection: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The best of you are those who learn the Qur'an and teach it." (Sahih al-Bukhari)
• This hadith emphasizes that the true benefit of the Qur'an comes from learning and teaching it, which includes understanding its meanings, wisdom, and applying its teachings.
• Hadith on Reflection on Verses: In another narration, the Prophet (peace be upon him) stated: “There is no envy (acceptable) except in two cases: a person whom Allah has given the Qur'an and recites it throughout the night and day, and a person whom Allah has given wealth, and he spends it throughout the night and day.” (Sahih al-Bukhari)
• This indicates that understanding and implementing the Qur'an in one's life is a blessing to aspire toward. It is not just the recitation but also the constant engagement with its teachings that the Prophet highlighted.
• Practical Application of the Qur'an
• The Prophet Muhammad himself was the living embodiment of the Qur'an. His actions were a reflection of the Qur'anic teachings, and he consistently applied its principles in every aspect of his life.
• Hadith of Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her): When Aishah, the wife of the Prophet, was asked about the character of the Prophet, she replied: "His character was the Qur'an." (Sahih Muslim)
• This means that the Prophet lived by the teachings of the Qur'an, illustrating its values through his behavior. Understanding the Qur'an is meant to lead to action, and the Prophet modeled this perfectly.
• Tajweed (Proper Recitation) and Memorization
• The Prophet also encouraged the proper recitation (tajweed) and memorization of the Qur'an, as it helps preserve the text and ensures its correct delivery and understanding.
• Hadith on Beautifying Recitation: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Adorn the Qur'an with your voices.” (Abu Dawood)
• He emphasized reciting the Qur'an correctly and beautifully, which facilitates a deeper connection with its meanings.
• Hadith on Memorization: He also said: "It will be said to the companion of the Qur'an (on the Day of Resurrection): Recite and ascend, and recite as you used to recite in the world, for your rank will be at the last verse you recite." (Sunan al-Tirmidhi)
• This indicates the importance of memorizing the Qur'an, understanding its verses, and consistently reciting it throughout one’s life.
• Warning Against Neglecting the Qur'an
• The Prophet also warned against neglecting the Qur'an, whether by not reading it, not understanding it, or not applying its teachings.
• Hadith on Qur'an being a Proof: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The Qur'an is a proof for you or against you." (Sahih Muslim)
• This indicates that the Qur'an will either intercede on behalf of those who read, understand, and follow its guidance or it will testify against those who neglected or rejected it.
• Teaching Qur'an to Others
• The Prophet not only taught his companions the Qur'an but encouraged them to spread its knowledge. Teaching the Qur'an involves more than just sharing its words; it requires explaining its meanings and helping others apply its teachings.
• Hadith on Teaching the Qur'an: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The best of you are those who learn the Qur'an and teach it." (Sahih al-Bukhari)
• Teaching the Qur'an ensures that its understanding is passed on, and this was a key focus of the Prophet’s mission.
• The Qur'an as a Source of Intercession
• The Prophet emphasized that the Qur'an will intercede on behalf of those who read and understand it on the Day of Judgment.
• Hadith on Intercession: The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Recite the Qur'an, for it will come as an intercessor for its people on the Day of Resurrection." (Sahih Muslim)
• Understanding the Qur'an helps one live according to its teachings, leading to rewards in the Hereafter and intercession on the Day of Judgment.

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) emphasized the reading, understanding, and application of the Qur'an throughout his life. He encouraged Muslims to recite it regularly, reflect deeply on its meanings, live by its teachings, and teach it to others. He warned against neglecting the Qur'an and highlighted its role as a source of guidance, mercy, and intercession. By following the Prophet’s example and teachings, Muslims are encouraged to make the Qur'an a central part of their lives, not just in recitation, but in comprehension and practice.

You may like to listen to eminent Muslim scholar, linguist and preacher Nouman Ali Khan explain the importance of reading Qur'an with understanding:

In view of the above explanation both from Qur'an and Sunnah/Hadith Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, and very informative lecture by Nouman Ali Khan, it should be well understood that reading and understanding the Qur'an is essential for every Muslim. It serves as a divine guide for every aspect of life, strengthens the connection with Allah, shapes moral character, and provides a clear pathway to success in both this world and the Hereafter. The Qur'an’s timeless message remains relevant for all humanity, offering solutions to individual and societal problems, and leading to a life of peace, righteousness, and fulfillment.

May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى‎) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door. 

وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ‏ 

(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”

That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.

May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.

Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.

Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.

Photo |Resource References: | 1 | 2 | 3 |

For more Q&A about Understanding Islam, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Islam - Frequently asked Q&A

If you like Islam: My Ultimate Decision, and to keep yourself updated on all our latest posts to know more about Islam, follow us on Facebook. You may also refer to our Facebook  Group Islam: The Ultimate Truth for more on Islam and Da'wah.

Follow @IslamUltimate

Please share this page to your friends and family members through Facebook, WhatsApp or any means on Social Media so that they can also be benefited by it and better understand Islam and the Holy Qur'an - Insha Allah (Allah Willing) you shall be blessed with the best of both worlds.

Read More