As-Sabūr " ٱلْصَّبُورُ " - The Most Patient - That is The One who is not moved by haste to carry out any action before it's proper time. The One who does not quickly punish the sinners.
The name Sabūr is not specifically used as a Beautiful Name in the Qur'ān, but is derived from root "s-b-r - صَّبۡرِ" which appears at many places in the Qur'an:
اِلَّا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ وَتَوَاصَوۡا بِالۡحَقِّ ۙ وَتَوَاصَوۡا بِالصَّبۡرِ
(103:3) save those who have faith and do righteous deeds, and counsel each other to hold on to truth and counsel each other to be steadfast.
The root s-b-r in classical Arabic means: (1) to be patient, to be enduring, (2) to be steadfast, constant, (3) to be contented in trial or affliction without show of complaint.
We must appreciate that early Muslims saw the worst of oppression at the hands of the disbelievers of Makkah. One's body shudders when one hears the torment through which they went. But hats off to them that they remained steadfast in the name of Allah and bore all punishments, bodily and spiritually, with perseverance and patience. And the end result was the best rewards they collected from their Creator, Allah, the As-Sabūr.
At the same time, Allah also hold back His anger and wrath over those who transgress their limits of power and harm others, As Allah said in many verses like Surah Nuh - Noah said:
‘Worship Allah , fear Him and obey me, Allah will forgive you of your sins and delay you for a specified term. Indeed, the time [set by] Allah , when it comes, will not be delayed, if you only knew.’ “
Al-Khattaabi (RA) said: As-Sabūr is the One Who does not hasten to wreak vengeance upon the sinners; rather He delays that until an appointed time, and He gave them respite for a certain amount of time.
As for believers, Allah never pushes His servants to make haste. Rather He encourages us to take small leaps forward by understanding each tenant of Islam before moving on to other so that we are very clear what is expected us to be done. The Prophet ﷺ reminds us to “Do those deeds which you can do easily, as Allah will not get tired (of giving rewards) till you get bored and tired (of performing religious deeds),” [Bukhari].
Likewise, Allah Who is the Creator of the entire universe, sees patiently for wrong being done to His servants. If He was not the Most Patient, the world would have witnessed His wrath every now and then. But He, the As-Sabūr, an attribute related closely to another attribute Al-Halim (الحليم): the Forbearing - the One who sees the wrong of what people do, but does not hasten to punish.
“And if Allah were to impose blame on the people for what they have earned, He would not leave upon the earth any creature. But He defers them for a specified term. And when their time comes, then indeed Allah has ever been, of His servants, Seeing.” [Qur’an, 35:45]
Therefore, Allah at many times i Qur'an commands us to be patient as in Surah ii Al Baqarah, verse 153:
يٰٓاَيُّهَا الَّذِيۡنَ اٰمَنُوا اسۡتَعِيۡنُوۡا بِالصَّبۡرِ وَالصَّلٰوةِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ مَعَ الصّٰبِرِيۡنَ
(2:153) Believers! Seek help in patience and in Prayer; Allah is with those that are patient.
It was narrated that Abu Moosa al-Ash‘ari (RA) said: The Messenger of Allah (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: “No one is more patient in bearing offensive things that he hears than Allah, may He be glorified and exalted; others are associated with Him, a son is attributed to Him, but He still grants them health and provision.” Narrated by Al-Bukhari (7378) and Muslim (2804).
Imam Al-Ghazali says: “As-Sabūr—the Most Patient—is the one that does not let haste move Him to carry out an action before its time, but rather decides matters according to a definite plan, and brings them about in delineated ways.”
We must draw conclusions from this attribute of Allah and learn how to be patient. We have to weigh our decisions which should not be taken in haste and at the same time it should also be borne in mind that unnecessary delays sometimes are harmful. Therefore, one must use one's wisdom and knowledge to decide, instead of making decisions in an emotional state of mind, for Logic always bears fruits while illogical decisions are always harmful.
As the Prophet ﷺ tells us, “Whoever persists in being patient, God will make him patient. Nobody can be given a blessing better and greater than patience,” [Bukhari]. Patience is the key to that long road to a result that is noble. The Prophet ﷺ also tells us, “And know that victory comes with patience, relief with affliction, and ease with hardship,” (Tirmidhi).
You may refer to our post "99 Attributes of Allāh" for complete list of 99 attributes of Allah Almighty with meaning and explanation.
You may also refer to our Reference Pages for knowing more about Islam and Quran
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