Prophet Abraham ( Ibrāhīm عليه السلام), who is considered to be the father of all prophets, was in the forefront to stand against idolatry and even confronted his father who was an ardent idol worshipper. Al Qur'an quotes an excellent account of the Abrahamic response to idolatry in the 4th verse quoted in Surah Al-Mumtaḥanah - الممتحنة (meaning She That is to be Examined), the 6oth Surah /chapter of the Al Qur'an.
The Verse (60:4)
“Indeed, there is for you an excellent example in Abraham and those with him, when they said to their people: ‘Indeed, we are free from you and from whatever you worship besides Allah; we have rejected you, and there has appeared between us and you hostility and hatred forever until you believe in Allah alone’ — except for the saying of Abraham to his father: ‘I will surely ask forgiveness for you, though I do not have power to do for you anything against Allah.’ Our Lord, upon You we have relied, and to You we have returned, and to You is the destination.”
Let us understand the verse in some detail. However those interested to the detailed exegesis / explanation of the verse may refer to our earlier post: Sūrah Al-Mumtaḥanah - The Woman to be Questioned: Exegesis / Tafsir 60th Chapter of Qur'an
Context (Asbāb al-Nuzūl)
This verse is in Surah al-Mumtaḥanah (60), revealed in Madinah. At that time, Muslims were in a delicate situation: some had family ties with Quraysh idolaters who were at war with the Muslims. The verse uses the story of Ibrahim (Abraham) and his people as a model: he rejected idolatry firmly, even though his own father and community were idolaters.
The verse teaches Muslims that loyalty to faith must be stronger than tribal or family loyalty if those ties oppose Islam.
Key Lessons
- Loyalty to Allah Comes First: Just as Ibrahim rejected shirk (idolatry) despite it being his people’s tradition, Muslims must prioritize their loyalty to Allah over cultural, social, or political ties.
- Separation from Shirk, Not Necessarily from People:
- The verse condemns idolatry (shirk), not every interaction with idolaters.
- The Qur’an elsewhere commands kindness and justice to non-Muslims who are peaceful: “Allah does not forbid you from those who do not fight you because of religion and do not expel you from your homes — from being righteous toward them and acting justly toward them. Indeed, Allah loves those who act justly.” (60:8)
- So, the balance is: reject shirk, but deal justly and kindly with non-hostile people.
- Limits of Intercession
- Ibrahim asked forgiveness for his father (who died upon shirk), but Allah later clarified it was not permissible (9:113).
- This shows love for family does not override loyalty to faith.
Supporting Verses
This is not the only verse about shirk in Qur'an for Allah has warned man time and again to desist from idolatry and worship none but He, foe He is the only sustainer of all living beings. Some verses are mentioned in our exclusive reference page on collection of posts on Shirk. Please refer to for more verses to know what shirk is and why should man reject idolater.
Today’s Application
- Should idolaters be treated the same way as in Ibrahim’s time?
- No — because context matters.
- In Ibrahim’s and the Prophet ﷺ’s time, idolaters were actively opposing and persecuting believers.
- Today, if idolaters or non-Muslims live peacefully, the Qur’an instructs Muslims to show kindness, fairness, and good character.
- What remains timeless is hatred of shirk, not hatred of people.
In summary: Verse 60:4 teaches unwavering rejection of shirk and prioritizing loyalty to Allah, as exemplified by Ibrahim. But it does not justify mistreating non-Muslims today. Instead, it demands a balance: firmness in faith + justice and kindness in human relations.
May Allāh (سبحانه و تعالى) help us understand Qur'ān and follow the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, which is embodiment of commandments of Allah contained in the Qur'ān. May Allah help us to be like the ones He loves and let our lives be lived helping others and not making others' lives miserable or unlivable. May all our wrong doings, whether intentional or unintentional, be forgiven before the angel of death knocks on our door.
وَمَا عَلَيۡنَاۤ اِلَّا الۡبَلٰغُ الۡمُبِيۡنُ
(36:17) and our duty is no more than to clearly convey the Message.”
That is Our duty is only to convey to you the message that Allah has entrusted us with. Then it is for you to accept it or reject it. We have not been made responsible for making you accept it forcibly, and if you do not accept it, we shall not be seized in consequence of your disbelief, you will yourselves be answerable for your actions on Day of Resurrection.
May Allah forgive me if my posts ever imply a piety far greater than I possess. I am most in need of guidance.
Reading the Qur'ān should be a daily obligation of a Muslim - Reading it with translation will make it meaningful. But reading its Exegesis / Tafsir will make you understand it fully. It will also help the Muslims to have grasp over social issues and their answers discussed in the Qur'an and other matter related to inter faith so that they are able to discuss issues with non-Muslims with authority based on refences from Qur'an.
Note: When we mention God in our posts, we mean One True God, we call Allah in Islam, with no associates. Allah is the Sole Creator of all things, and that Allah is all-powerful and all-knowing. Allah has no offspring, no race, no gender, no body, and is unaffected by the characteristics of human life.
For more posts on the subject of shirk, please refer to our reference page: Understanding Shirk - Grave sin of Associating Partners with Allah
For more Selected Subjects, please refer to our reference page: Selected Verses from Al Qur'an about a Specific Subject (Reference Page) to know more about what Qur'an says about specific subjects and our reference page: Selected Verses from the Qur'an. .
An effort has been made to gather explanation / exegesis of the surahs and selected verses of Al-Qurʾān from authentic sources and then present a least possible condensed explanation of the surah. In that the exegesis of the chapters of the Quran is mainly based on the "Tafhim al-Qur'an - The Meaning of the Qur'an" by one of the most enlightened scholars of the Muslim World Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi.
In addition, other sources which have been explored and views of other scholars have been incorporated while explaining meaning of a verse. Those desirous of detailed explanations and tafsir (exegesis), may refer to these sites. For expansion of meaning and themes / contextual background help from ChatGPT is also taken.
Disclaimer: The material for this post has been collected from the references given above. If anyone differs with the material contained in this post, one may consult the references and their authors. If someone has more material about the subject, he/she is most welcome to share in the comments box to make the post all encompassing.
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